Proposer's Name: Ms. valentina pellizzer
Proposer's Organization: Association for Progressive Communication
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Janine Moolman
Co-Proposer's Organization: Association for Progressive Communication
Co-Organizers:
Ms.,Bishakha,DATTA,Civil Society,Point of View
Session Format: Break-out Group Discussions - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: South Africa
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: valentina pellizzer
Speaker: Bishakha Datta
Speaker: Horacio Sívori
Content of the Session:
Surveillance through the collection of population-data has historically functioned as an oppressive tool to control the bodies of women and other marginalised groups, and is closely related to and informed by colonial modes of managing populations underpinned by white supremacist, capitalist and heteropatriarchal ideologies. Today, “big-data,” metadata and the technologies used to collect, store and analyse them are, similarly, by no means neutral, and come with their own biases and resultant exclusions.
The “informatisation” of the body in the digital age is increasingly redefining how we understand “embodiment” and bodily experience. At the level of ICTs and their relationship with public-policy development, both State and powerful non-State actors have come to view the body as data in order to provide services and/or segment and target markets, employing new ways to monitor, assess, analyse, categorise and ultimately manage and control the body. The term “dataveillance,” which combines “data” and “surveillance,” has been used to describe these systematic data-based surveillance practices that involve sorting and aggregating large quantities of data to monitor, track and regulate people and populations.
In this session, participants will discuss and highlight the connection between “big-data,” surveillance and sexuality in the gathering and exploitation of data relating to internet users’ online identities and behaviors. The session will explore the evolution and normalization of surveillance through “big-data” and its relationship with the growing reliance on algorithmic decision-making, particularly at the level of the development and implementation of public policy. Particular emphasis will be placed on how this impacts on especially “at-risk” and marginalised groups such as women and people marginalised on the basis of their sexual orientation and/or gender-identity. Participants will present key issues the internet governance community must consider about the relationship between and impact of power, agency and consent when developing and applying standards and guidelines for the collection and use of internet user data by both State and non-State actors.
Relevance of the Session:
Algorithmic decision-making and data surveillance are often seen as neutral technological tools. However questions of privilege extend to data and the politics of algorithms in several ways - it is a space in which multiple forms of discrimination on the basis of race, religion, class, caste, sexuality, gender and more intersect to exclude, discriminate and further marginalise through lack of inclusion, distortion or hypervisibility in data practices. Being counted in the data is often mandatory for those populations at greater risk of discrimination on account of gender, class or race, since it is enmeshed in platforms to make their voices heard or in mechanisms to access welfare. But concerns around privacy and regulation in data collection and governance also pose a dilemma.
Without adequate and responsive norms and guidelines governing the collection and use of their data, being gendered, raced and classed bodies, necessarily exposes citizens occupying identities and/or presentations outside of the mainstream paradigm (that is: white, privileged, male and heterosexual), and become the subjects of discrimination through technologies otherwise deemed “neutral”.
Tag 1: Big Data
Tag 2: Surveillance
Tag 3: Public Policy
Interventions:
Inputs will be made by the following participants, covering the following issues:
Bishakha Datta - the legal construction of obscenity in the digital realm, and how sexual surveillance applies or is practised, particularly in respect of online content characterised as “obscene.”
Horacio Sívori - the impact of dataveillance and algorithmic decision making on LGBTI struggles in Latin America, with a focus on Brazil .
Jeanette Hoffman - informed consent in data protection.
Ralph Bendrath - perspectives on data protection in the EU.
Katarzyna Szymielewicz - human rights implications on the digitilisation of social policy in Poland.
Diversity:
Speakers have been selected on a range of criteria in order to promote maximum diversity in regional representation and expertise, stakeholder groups, level of profile in the internet governance and human rights communities, and perspectives on an issue of common interest.
Provisionally confirmed speakers represent voices, experiences and perspectives from the Asia Pacific and GRULAC regions.
In addition to their area of expertise, perspectives and profile in policy-making, further speakers will be selected in a manner that intersects the voices of women and sexually marginalized people with the voices of regulators, researchers from varied geographical regions, and activists working on issues concerning of “big-data” and social policy .
Onsite Moderator: valentina pellizzer
Online Moderator: Janine Moolman
Rapporteur: Jac sm Kee
Online Participation:
Throughout the session, the tags #IGF2017 and #genderit will be used to curate and facilitate online discussion and participation from off-site participants through Twitter. APC will also solicit questions ahead of time from those who cannot attend in person by publicizing the workshop on Twitter, and through our Exploratory Research on Sexuality and ICTs (EroTICs) project - a global network of 50 activists, academics, and organizations working at the intersection of sexual and digital rights. We work on sexuality issues including LGBT rights, sex work, sex education, SRHR rights, and gender-based violence, in addition to internet freedom advocates, policy experts, and techies.
A dedicated communications person will be available to facilitate online participation and to increase the visibility of the session and IGF among the networks of the co-organisers. The online moderator will have the online participation session open and will ensure communication with the onsite moderator to make sure online participants are able to make interventions and raise questions. This person will also be working on the live visual aid for the whole session towards setting up the chart that identifies key issues raised.
Discussion facilitation:
The session will start with a five-minute briefing by the moderator which outlines the background and objectives of the workshop introducing the key concepts of big data, sexuality and surveillance. The speakers will provide additional context and specific examples to help setting a common ground for the group’s work.
Participants will then work in small groups to share cases from their regions. Using the examples as case-studies, groups will be invited to identify and reflect on data practices that duly acknowledge the agency and consent of users. Examples may include practices which:
oppose the non-consensual collection of data.
empower women and sexual minorities.
display adequate care in protecting the data, privacy, and anonymity of activists and the communities they engage with.
work to expose and level algorithmic discriminations.
The groups will be invited to report back for a final round of comments and highlights.
The moderator will tie the discussion into each of these sections to ensure the conversation is coherent, informative, and useful. The session dynamic will be 30 minutes for setting the baseline and framing the issues, 20 minutes for group work and 40 minutes for reporting back, highlighting common threads, emerging practices/scenarios and ways forward.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/index.php?q=filedepot_download/4098/299
Additional Reference Document Link: http://www.genderit.org/resources/big-data-and-sexual-surveillance
...Proposer's Name: Ms. Jia He
Proposer's Organization: Bytedance
Co-Proposer's Name: Mr. William Drake
Co-Proposer's Organization: University of Zurich
Co-Organizers:
Ms., Jia HE, Private Sector, Bytedance
Mr., William J. Drake, Civil Society, University of Zurich
Ms., Xu Zhao, Technical community, China Academy of ICT
Session Format: Panel - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Private Sector
Co-Proposer:
Country: Switzerland
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: Urs Gasser
Speaker: Ping Lang
Speaker: William Drake
Speaker: Zhang Hongjiang
Speaker: Irakli Beridze
Speaker: Karen McCabe Karen McCabe
Speaker: Chwee Chua
Content of the Session:
AlphaGo of Google Deepmind beat Li Shishi, autonomous vehicles of Uber and Tesla are testing on the road, Xiao Ming robot of Bytedance wrote sport news in 3 seconds / article……. artificial intelligence (AI) and our lives are getting closer. The breakthroughs in AI will rapidly transform digital society and greatly improve labor productivity, but also will raise a host of new and difficult issues concerning e.g. employment, ethics, the digital divide, privacy, law and regulation. In consequence, there is a growing recognition that all stakeholders will need to engage in a new and difficult dialogue to ensure that AI is implemented in a manner that balances legitimate competing objectives in a manner that leaves society better off.
While engineers may share technical ideas within transnational expert networks, broader public discussions about the social consequences and potential governance of artificial intelligence have tended to be concentrated within linguistic communities and civilizations. However, many of the issues that AI raises are truly global in character, and this will become increasingly evident as AI is incorporated into the functioning of the global Internet. There is therefore a pressing need to establish a distinctively global discourse that is duly informed by the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values, business environments, economic development levels, and political, legal and regulatory systems. For example, to the extent that we need to embed machines into social matrices reflective of human values,, how do we do this in a manner that can be accepted by both Western and Eastern societies? Does artificial intelligence require a minimum layer of common standards and practices that are globally consensus-based? Who would play what roles in which institutional setting in order to promote a measure of consensus? Is it possible to construct an open multistakeholder process for this purpose? Should there be any role for intergovernmental cooperation alongside such an effort? The objective of this workshop would be to begin an exploratory conversation about these and related questions.
Relevance of the Session:
It related to the main theme of IGF 2017: "Shape Your Digital Future!"
It related to the hot topic of 2017: Artificial Intelligence
It related to the governance and ethics issues of AI.
It related to East-West Dialogue
Tag 1: Digital Transformation
Tag 2: Artificial Intelligence
Tag 3: Multistakeholder Cooperation
Interventions:
1. Mr. Urs Gasser, Harvard University will talk about the impact of law and regulations in the development of AI in the West.
2. Mrs. Ping Lang, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences will talk about the impacts of AI on employment and economic growth in the East.
3. Mr. William J. Drake, University of Zurich will discuss options for constructing global multistakeholder dialogue.
4. Mr. Zhang Hongjiang, Bytedance will talk about the social responsibilities and practices of AI companies which have AI produces all around the world.
5. Mr. Irakli BERIDZE, UNICRI will talk about intergovernmental aspects of security and privacy issues in AI.
6. Ms. Karen MCCABE, IEEE will talk about the ethical design of AI systems.
7. Mr. Chwee Chua, IDC will talk about the opportunities and challenges of AI for the digital economy and society Globally.
Diversity:
A. Gender diversity
Panelists: 3 women and 4 men on the panel.
Online Participants: 2 women and 1 men
Organizers: 2 women and 1 man.
Rapporteurs: 1 woman and 1 man.
Onsite moderator: 1 woman.
B. Geographical diversity
Panelists:
3 from Asia Pacific
3 from West European and Others Groups (WEOG)
1 from Eastern European Group
Online participants:
1 from Africa Group
1 from Middle East
1 from Asia Pacific
C. Stakeholder groups:
Panelists:
2 from civil society (Harvard University, University of Zurich, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
2 from the private sector which provides international services (Bytedance, IDC)
2 from the technical community (IEEE, China Academy of ICT)
1 from an intergovernmental organization (UNICRI)
Online participants:
1 from government (ICANN GAC)
1 from private sector (Mobile Web Ghana)
1 from civil society (Israel AI policy scholar)
1 from technical community (China Academy of ICT)
Onsite Moderator: Jia HE
Online Moderator: Xu Zhao
Rapporteur: James George Butcher
Online Participation:
Ms.Florence Toffa, the executive director of Mobile Web Ghana, Africa.
Mr. Feng Guo, vice president of ICANN GAC
Ms. Danit Gal, Israel AI policy scholar
Mr. Yue Liu, chair of Internet technology and policy, China Academy of ICT
Discussion facilitation:
Ms. Jia He (onside moderator) will communicate with all the panelists about the name list, agenda, questions' direction in advance. She will prepare a table for the panel with 8 table mics, 1 mic for onsite audience, and 1 mic for online moderator.
Ms. Xu Zhao (online moderator) will set up the equipment for the online participation. We will firstly use the IGF recommended equipment to make the online participant possible. Online moderator will take the training and work closely with the IGF workshop facilitators. If IGF does not provide those equipment, Bytedance has its own App which has live broadcast function (called Toutiao). Bytedance is professional to provide live broadcast, and would like to bring the equipment including camera to the conference and make live videos for online participants. Before the beginning of the panel, online moderator will provide a link for all the online participants with email. When the panel is ready to start, online moderator will open every equipment. Attendees can watch the panel and ask questions/make comments via several ways. Bytedance will also create a zoom code/skype account for online attendees as an alternative. Ms Xu Zhao will initiate an online training with zoom/skype for potential attendees. Online attendees will have a separate queue and microphone, which will rotate equally with the mics in the room. Ms Xu Zhao will check the order according to the time marked at different queues.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: No
Link to Report:
Agenda:
Introduction by medorator: Jia He (3 mins)
Speakers (10 mins):
1. Mr. Urs Gasser, Harvard University (5mins)
2. Mr. Zhang Hongjiang, Bytedance (5mins)
Panel discussion (50mins):
1. Mr. William J. Drake, University of Zurich
2. Mrs. Ping Lang, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
3. Mr. Irakli BERIDZE, UNICRI
4. Ms. Karen MCCABE, IEEE
5. Mr. Chwee Chua, IDC
Onsite Q&A (5mins):
1. Mr. Baoguo Cui, Tsinghua University(2 mins Q+3 mins A)
Online Q&A (20mins):
1. Ms.Florence Toffa, the executive director of Mobile Web Ghana, Africa. (2 mins Q+3 mins A)
2. Mr. Feng Guo, vice president of ICANN GAC (2 mins Q+3 mins A)
3. Ms. Danit Gal, Israel AI policy scholar (2 mins Q+3 mins A)
4. Mr. Yue Liu, chair of Internet technology and policy, China Academy of ICT (2 mins Q+3 mins A)
Summary by medorator: Jia He (2 mins)
...
Proposer's Name: Ms. Celina Bottino
Proposer's Organization: Institute of Technology and Society of Rio
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Chinmayi Arun
Co-Proposer's Organization: Centre for Communication Governance (CCG) at National Law University, Delhi
Co-Organizers:
Ms.,Celina,BOTTINO,civil society,Institute of Technology and Society of Rio
Ms., Chinmayi,ARUN,civil society,Center for Communication Governance at National Law University, Delhi
Session Format: Round Table - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: Brazil
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: India
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker:
Speaker: Malavika Jayaram
Speaker: Chinmayi Arun
Speaker: Urs Gasser
Content of the Session:
The policy debates about Artificial Intelligence (AI) have been predominantly dominated by organizations and actors in the Global North. There is a growing need for a more diverse perspective regarding the policy issues and consequences of AI. The developing world will be directly affected by the deployment of AI technologies and services. However, there is a lack of informed perspectives to participate in the policy debates.
This roundtable is a follow up to the international event “Artificial Intelligence and Inclusion” held in Rio de Janeiro earlier this year. The discussion will be focused on development of Artificial Intelligence and its impact on inclusion in different areas such as health and wellbeing, education, low-resource communities, public safety and security, employment and workplace, and entertainment, media and journalism, among others. The goal of this roundtable is to bring the debates of the this international event to the IGF community, enlarging the conversation and deepening the understanding of AI inclusion challenges and opportunities, to identify and discuss areas for research, education and action.
We want to identify, map, understand, and address the manifold issues around AI and Inclusion from an interdisciplinary perspective, with a particular focus on two (often interrelated, but analytically distinct) dimensions of inclusion: First, the complex set of issues concerning the geographic divide between the Global North and the Global South when it comes to the development, design, and application of AI-based technologies. Second, the uneven impact of AI and related technologies on often marginalized communities, including youth, people in rural areas on with low socio-economic status, LGBTQ, ethnic and racial minorities, people with disabilities, girls and women, etc.
Relevance of the Session:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related technologies have started to shape important parts of the digital economy and affect core areas of our increasingly networked societies. Whether transportation or manufacturing, social justice or health and education, AI has the potential to deeply impact our lives and shape our individual and collective futures in ways both visible and hidden. The promise of AI-based technologies is enormous, and benefits range from efficiency gains to unprecedented improvements of quality of life. The challenges and potential risks are equally staggering, for instance when considering the uncertainty regarding the future of labor or the emergence of new power structures outside the control of existing governance and accountability frameworks.
The issues arising from these technologies have to be aligned to humans in terms of our moral values and ethical principles. We shall discuss how to make AI behave in a way that is beneficial to people beyond reaching functional and inclusive goals and addressing technical problems. This will allow for an elevated level of trust between humans and our technology that is needed for a fruitful pervasive use of AI in our daily lives
The event will be highly interactive and participatory. This discussion has to be as diverse as possible so we are focussing on speakers from global south countries. Artificial Intelligence is par of our digital future and it must be intensively discussed in a multistakeholde environment.
Tag 1: Artificial Intelligence
Tag 2: Emerging Issues
Tag 3: Human Rights
Interventions:
The proposed format is a round table. There will be an initial presentation to set the scene and raise the issues that will be debated. The presentation will be followed by an open discussion. In order to provoke an effective debate representatives from government, technical community, civil society, lawyers and representatives from the global south to participate in the round table.
Introduction by Carlos Affonso - 10 min
Round of presentations by the speakers – TOTAL - 60m
Chinmayi Arun, 12 min (Confirmed)
She is from the Centre for Communication Governance at National Law University, Delhi. She discusses the challenges unchecked AI development could pose to civil liberties in Asia. She argues that in a world of conflicting values, it's going to be difficult to develop values for artificial intelligence that are not the lowest common denominator. She brings perspective from India, a country where the balance of power between the citizens and the state is delicate and in her view, there is a great potential for AI to tip that balance of power in favor of the state. She advocates that AI should be intensively discussed now in order to help the people that are designing it think of it in a way that imagines a better world.
Malavika Jayaram, 12 min (Confirmed)
From the Digital Asia Hub. She discusses the language we use to talk about Artificial Intelligence, and the impact of AI in Asia. She studies the impact of AI on Asian countries, that is not monolithic. Asian countries such as Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore are better equipped and engages with this issue very differently than poorer developing, emerging economies that don’t understand the consequences of AI applications. Malavika have also put together a serie of events in Asia that took place in Hong Kong, Seoul and Japan to discuss challenges of AI and its implications for public good.
Urs Gasser 12 mins (Confirmed)
Executive Director of Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University. Urs is leading a global initiative to address Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence that aims to support interdisciplinary research to ensure that AI develops in a way that is ethical, accountable, and advances the public interest.
Sebastian Sposito, 12 mins (confirmed)
Public Policy and Governmental Relations Analyst from Google. He is based in Mexico and oversees Google’s initiatives related to Artificial Intelligence. As a representative from the private sector, he will be able to share the views and plans of Google regarding AI.
Government Representative, 12 mins (TBC)
Brazilian government representative that is dealing with technology policies and AI development.
Debate 20 mins
Diversity:
This workshop aims at making the discussion regarding AI and its development as more diverse and inclusive as possible, regarding gender and geography. Bearing this in mind, the workshop is being proposed by women from Global South countries, Brazil and India and the panel includes also another woman from Asia. One of the speaker is a first time IGF organizer. We will also include private sector representative from Latin America to add one more perspective from this region of the globe.
Onsite Moderator: Carlos Affonso Souza
Online Moderator: Fabro Steibel
Rapporteur: Celina Bottino
Online Participation:
We will use ITS Rio’s website and mailing lists of the Network of Centers to gather interested online participants, channeling them into the official IGF WebEx environment to participate in the session. It will also be possible for these online participants to submit contributions to the session in advance by email.
Discussion facilitation:
The workshop will have an onsite moderator that will be responsible for presenting the issues that will be debated and to conduct the debate after his presentation, giving opportunity to the diversity of perspectives. The moderator will engage participants to talk about their regional perspectives regarding AI and inclusion.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/wks2014/index.php/proposal/view_public/126
Co-proposers/co-organizers
Session title
Fake News, Disinformation, Misinformation: Challenges for Internet Governance
Session format and timing
Total duration of this session will be 90 minutes.
This session will attempt to be both informative, and interactive between NRIs who have signed up for this NRI session, while also accommodating a brief audience question/comment period. After the opening statement of the moderator(s) which be limited to five minutes to provide an overview of the session, and describe the format, Segment I will focus on understanding the discussions that took place at these NRIs, exchanging also among the organizing NRIs [ 25 minutes] via lightening comments of 3 minutes from a designated speaker[s] from each of the organizing NRIs, followed by 1-2 minute exchanges among the designated NRI speakers.
Segment II will be prioritized to hearing a brief round of inputs/comments from any remote NRIs who have previously advised they wish to speak [2-3 minute statements/contributions about what their NRI addressed on this topic, or directly related topics] with priority to any remote hubs of the organizing NRIs who addressed Fake News/Misinformation/Disinformation in their 2017 NRI.
Segment III: Open Mike, to include both speakers in the room, and remote [but not attending the IGF2017 in person] persons interested/concerned about these issues. All comments will be limited to 2 minute time slots.
Segment IV: Summing up from the Rapporteurs in support of the Moderator(s), including identifying as possible, any “messages”, or outputs or key ideas from the Session followed by final comments and thoughts of the moderator(s) about how to advance further work on these important issues.
Content of the session
Determining what is fake news, misinformation, or disinformation, how it has grown, whether it is a real threat to the online world, how it affects citizens, and even elections, or other essential decisions taken at a local/national, or global level has emerged as a major topic of discussion and potentially challenge to the online world. The online communications facilitated by the Internet brings individuals, organizations, and even governments together to share information and exchanges. Yet, if the information cannot be trusted as factual, it may affect decisions and even misinform them. Such concerns affect who trusts whom, who is reliable as a source of information, and what is factual, or non factual, or is only a personal view that can be amplified through the use of online tools.
The topic of “fake news” or “faked news” or disinformation has gained significant visibility in the last two years. Several NRIs addressed these issues, and are thus organizing this NRI to NRI exchange. They have all taken unique approaches as is suitable to the bottom up approach of each NRI, but the concerns about what is factual, whether via news channels, online messages, or other mechanism are a consistent theme across all the organizing the NRIs to this session. In some countries, and independent media is increasingly challenged. Online information sources, which may present themselves as “independent media” may not bring true independence or fact checking that is independent.
This session does not compete or replicate any of the five workshops approved by the IGF MAG, but attendance by any of such workshop organizers as observers is very welcomed.
NRIs respond to a very bottom up input from their communities, so they bring forward information that is unique to their own communities.
Speakers/Resource persons
Speakers will be drawn from each NRI that is organizing because they included a session directly relevant to these topics. Designated speakers who are appointed by their NRI will be limited to 1-3, although others from their NRI may attend the session. Anyone speaking on behalf of the NRIs should be designated as such a speaker to present information about the discussions that took place within the NRI.
The agreement of the NRIs in requesting these special sessions was to reflect work within the NRIs, and not to compete with workshops that are submitted into the MAG open call for workshops, thus, the focus will be on those NRIs that addressed this topic, and outreach to other NRIs that might be interested in these topics for NRI discussions for 2018.
So far confirmed speakers:
- Mr. Hrvoje Lisicar, Croatia IGF, Faculty of Law in Zagreb University
- Mr Abdul-Hakeem Ajijola, Nigeria IGF, Chairman, Consultancy Support Services (CS2) Limited
Relevance of the issue
Trust in the online world, often referred to as the Internet, but encompassing the World Wide Web and social media is being eroded by a growing lack of trust.
Some are suggesting that they will not use online services as they are filled with trolls, malware, viruses. Yet, the digitization of all applications means that citizens really need to use online applications, whether financial, government services, or business services. Many people get the majority of their “news” now, online, as they can’t afford, or can’t access traditional media.
Without credible online resources, the Internet and World Wide Web will erode as trusted sources - and that affects billions of users, who have been told that being online is where you find facts and truth not only about your own communities, but about the world at large. Historically, print media and broadcast media have been held to standards of fact checking. Is the online surrogate for “news” being held to any standard? And if not, why not? And, is the solution merely educating citizens to do their own due diligence? If so, what are the sources they should use for such information?
Interventions/Engagement with participants (onsite and online)
Remote participation of the NRIs remote hubs will have priority:
As some NRIs will not be able to send many of their participating community members to the IGF2017, some will be organizing remote hubs. For any NRI that either focused on this topic during their NRI, or has a strong interest, a priority for ensuring that they have a speaking slot during the Remote Participants section will be developed, using a request to speak submitted to the remote moderator. A deadline will be established for these formal requests, so that such speakers will be recognized and ensured a time slot, just as on site NRI presenters are.
Additionally, there is an open mike segment for those attending on site, but who were not addressing this topic in 2017, but may bring perspectives or expertise to these topics.
Geographical, Stakeholder and Gender Diversity
The NRIs themselves are reflective of geographical diversity, and at their national, subregional, or regional level reflect stakeholder diversity. The speakers selected from the NRIs will be based on their individual criteria for expertise, experience, and support from their NRI to represent and engage on behalf of their NRI. Already, the NRIs co organizing bring geographical diversity. We will not require that the presenters come from any particular stakeholder group, or gender, as they are speaking on behalf of entities that reflect all three of these diversities. We will be encouraging diverse attendance from all NRIs to this session, and that will undoubtedly result in diversity across these three categories in our audience.
Onsite moderator(s)
IGF-USA, Marilyn Cade
UK-IGF Nick, Wenban-Smith
Colombian IGF, Julian Casasbuenas
Online moderator(s)
Nigeria IGF Representative
Rapporteur(s)
Nataša Glavor, Croatia IGF
Dutch Youth IGF
Online participation logistics
NRIs that may be providing remote hubs should be invited to join this session and request a speaking slot ahead of time, to ensure that they are included equally with on site designated speakers
The session will use the WebEx remote participation tools provided by the IGF Secretariat.
Use of Social Media:
In addition, this session will invite a dedicated person to tweet about the session and to follow any retweeting, or other tweeting about this session.
The remote moderators should be seated in a prominent place, so that on site moderator(s) can easily see them. However, by designating a specific time slot for remote contributions from remote NRI hubs, we can ensure that remote speakers have equal contribution access.
Two microphones should be available for use in inviting comments from the in-room participants.
Discussion facilitation
To support the discussion within the NRI to NRI Exchange, each of the organizing NRIs will be invited to provide a one to two pager about their specific session on these topics which will be posted as “background information”. The moderator(s) will be invited to strive to have exchanges among the NRIs speaking, and those making remote comments and on site comments.
IGF 2017 WS #48
The Future of Internet Identifiers: How the DNS will Function in a Smart Cyberspace?
Proposer: Wolfgang Kleinwachter, University of Aarhus
Co-Proposer: Jörg Schweiger, DENIC
Session Format: Panel - 60 Min
Draft Program:
Opening Remarks (3 min.):
Jörg Schweiger, CEO DENIC
Introduction (7 min.):
Vint Cerf, CIE Google Inc.
Speakers (4x5 min.):
Christoph Blanchi, DONA Foundation
Marco Howening, RIPE NCC
Hans-Peter Dittler, ISOC Board
Ramy Ahmed Fathy, ITU-T SG 20
Commentators (4x3 min):
Nigel Hickson, ICANN
Xu Peixi, University of Bejing
Keith Drazek, VeriSign
Olga Cavalli, Buenos Aires South School of Internet Governance
Discussion (18 min.)
Moderator:
Wolfgang Kleinwächter, University of Aarhus
Remote Moderation:
Rainer Rodewald, Medienstadt Leipzig e.V.
Rapporteur:
Rainer Rodewald, Medienstadt Leipzig e.V.
Content of the Session:
For more than 30 years the Domain Name System (DNS) provided a first hand service for Internet identifiers. A domain name, an e-mail address and an IP number were the main identifiers which enabled communication among computers and people behind the computers. But with new applications and services, in particular related to (mobile) Apps, Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things, the role of identifiers in the Internet Governance Ecosystem might face some change.
As Karl Auerbach has said: "It is not that the Domain Name System (DNS) is becoming less important as a technical way of mapping structured names into various forms of records, most often records containing IP addresses. Nor is the Domain Name System used less then heretofore. ... And national governments continue to believe that domain names are the holy grail of levers they can use to impose their views of right and proper behavior onto the internet. All of that remains. And it will remain. What is happening to DNS is more subtle: Domain names are slowly becoming invisible."
This process leads to a question which will be discussed in the workshop: Will we see the emergence of a new generation of Internet identifiers, in particular with regard to industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things and how the requirements for a new generation of Internet identifiers look like, how would they be determined and how would the issue of migration and coexistence be addressed to keep the global Internet interoperable and unfragmented?
The workshop will provide expertise mainly from the technical and business community but also from a governmental perspective (ICANNs GAC and ITU-T Study Group 20). And the interests of users will be also included into the debate as well as the perspective of developing countries.
Relevance of the Session:
The management of critical Internet resources, in particular Internet identifiers as domain names, has been in the spotlight of the Internet Governance debate in the last two decades. With the completion of the IANA transition and the emergence of new applications and services, related to industry 4.0, Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence, the DNS is facing new challenges. This will have consequences both for the development of the domain name market as well as for related governmental policies. This is also a challenge for the technical community (to keep the Internet interoperable and non-fragmented) and will effect th interests of Internet end-users.
Online Participation:
We will reach out for an extended Online participation to the members of the ITU-T Study Group 20 as well as to members of the IGF-DC on IOT and other interested groups.
Discussion facilitation:
The moderator will not allow long individual presentations by invited speakeers. He will ask direct questions to the speakers on the podium and will include, as early as possible, the audience
Proposer's Name: Mr. Rui ZHONG
Proposer's Organization: Internet Society of China
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Ping Wu
Co-Proposer's Organization: Internet Society of China
Co-Organizers:
Ms. Jing MA, Civil Society, China Association for Science and Technology
Session Format: Panel - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: Alison Gillwald
Speaker: Satish Babu
Speaker: Kenta Mochizuki
Speaker: Lei Ning
Speaker: Shenshen Cao
Content of the Session:
The application of AI will be quite extensive, for instance in the field of digital advertising, agriculture, sales, even music, art, psychology and charity. However, the development of AI will encounter many challenges, such as policy issues on data protection, ethical considerations in AI's design core value and neutrality. Therefore, some sorts of approaches and issues are necessary to be further discussed for the development and governance of AI.
This workshop will invite multi-stakeholder representatives to discuss what policy challenges AI will be encountered and how to create an enabling policy environment that conducive to the sustainable development from different dimensions and aspects.
Intended Agenda and issues to be discussed:
1.Xinmin Gao, Internet Society of China (3 mins; Opening remark)
2.Kenta Mochizuki, Yahoo Japan (8 mins; Talk about user's AI data privacy and protection)
3.Alison Gillwald, University of Cape Town (8 mins; Talk about ICT technology and policy advice for government)
4.Satish Babu, IEEE (8 mins; Talk about AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of technology)
5.Lei Ning, Baidu (8 mins; Talk about AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of product and international cooperation)
6.Shenshen Cao, Tencent (8 mins; Talk about AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of public policy and industry's sustainable development)
7.Discussion, on-site and remote interactive Q&A (45 mins; we will try to invite other potential guests to join discussion, such as Google, Microsoft)
8.Xinmin Gao, Internet Society of China (2 mins; close the workshop)
Relevance of the Session:
Artificial Intelligence（AI）is considered as one of important rising ICT industries and is shaping the digital future of human being. Technically, AI basically involves with Machine Learning, which means it will potentially collect, analyze and use large amounts of data, particularly some of which combined with other information could be identified to one’s personal information. In accordance with the legal provisions of personal information protection, these acts should be clearly, fully and completely authorized by the users, and also the purposes, means, content, retention duration and use scope etc. should be clearly informed to the users. Therefore, what kinds of specific policies and measures necessary in the process of collecting and using data should be discussed so as to guide and instruct the AI developer obeying the security principle, taking appropriate management measures and technical means based on the possibility and severity of personal information damage, as well as effectively protect personal information from unauthorized retrieval, loss, disclosure, damage and tampering.
Furthermore, as the machine is designed by the developer, the program naturally endowed with the designer's value orientation, which means the developer need to uphold a wide range of inclusiveness in the AI training and design process, fully considering the interest of women, children, the disabled, minorities and other vulnerable groups, as well as set special rules of judgment in extreme morality and law circumstance. In that the AI system is not as "technically neutral" as it looks like, the specific group may turned out to be the victims of systematic "prejudice" and "discrimination" unwittingly.
Generally, research and development of AI technologies or products are not restricted by administrative license and access. However, once these technologies and products applied to specific industry, there may arouse industry license issues. Will the industry regulation extend to AI field in the future? In finance, medicine, smart home, automatic driving and other specific fields, will regulation be necessary to intervene in the AI development? For example, if a driverless car with passengers encountered an accident, who should bear the main responsibility and how to monitor such situation?
Thus, how to govern the AI through practical policy approaches is very vital consideration for many areas, such as cyber security, personal information protection, network neutrality, ICT for sustainable development.
Tag 1: Digital Future
Tag 2: Internet of Things
Tag 3: Internet & ICTs for the Sustainable Development Goals
Interventions:
As the diverse background and knowledge difference of the speakers, we will invite them to share insights from different issue angles, including policy making advice, technical practice, product development, industry research etc.
Diversity:
In the current stage, we have five speakers from different stakehloder groups (private sector, technical community and civil society), and two female speakers. Most of them come from developing countries and some of them are first time participating in IGF.
Onsite Moderator: Xinmin GAO, VP, Internet Society of China
Online Moderator: Rui ZHONG, Director, Internet Society of China
Rapporteur: Rui ZHONG, Director, Internet Society of China
Online Participation:
The workshop is open to every one, both onsite and remote participation. We will have a remote moderator to interact with the remote participants and will foward their questions and insights to the workshop speakers and audience. We will post the message of workshop info online in advance to let more people knowing what will be discussed and welcome joining from the global.
Discussion facilitation:
The workshop will be set as panel format, firstly allowing each panelist to share her/his main views and then have mutual discussion about other speakers' viewpoints. The on-site moderator also raise some questions prepared. To listen to more voice, we reserve more time slot for audience and remote participants to ask questions and make comments.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/wks2014/index.php/proposal/view_public/41
1. Xinmin Gao, Internet Society of China (3 mins; Opening remark)
2. Kenta Mochizuki, Yahoo Japan (8 mins; Topic: User's AI data privacy and protection)
3. Alison Gillwald, University of Cape Town (8 mins; Topic: ICT technology and policy advice for government)
4. Satish Babu, IEEE (8 mins; Topic: AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of technology)
5. Lei Ning, Baidu (8 mins; Topic: AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of product and international cooperation)
6. Shenshen Cao, Tencent (8 mins; Topic: AI's challenges in Internet governance from perspective of public policy and industry's sustainable development)
7. Discussion, on-site and remote interactive Q&A (45 mins)
8. Xinmin Gao, Internet Society of China (2 mins; Closing remark for the workshop)
Proposer's Name: Ms. Nirvana Farrag
Proposer's Organization: The Egyptian Cabinet Information & Decision Support Center-IDSC
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Heba Abd ElHamid
Co-Proposer's Organization: The Egyptian Cabinet Information & Decision Support Center-IDSC
Co-Organizers:
Mr. Menghestab Haile
Country Director - Egypt, World Food Programme (WFP) Cairo, Egypt
Dr. Jimson Olufuye
Chair of AFICTA
Session Format: Round Table - 60 Min
Proposer:
Country: Egypt
Stakeholder Group: Government
Co-Proposer:
Country: Egypt
Stakeholder Group: Government
Speaker: Menghestab Haile
Speaker: Jimson Olufuye
Speaker: Atef ElShabrawy
Speaker: Mostafa Fathi
Speaker: Hoda Dahroug
Nowadays, we are living in a world where virtually everything — from cellphones and cars to washing machines — is connected. Physical objects are connecting to networks, communicating with devices and sensors, and creating and sharing data to build the “Internet of Things (IoT)”. In reality, the IoT is much more than smart homes and connected appliances. It is about creating new ways of helping people and organizations in advancing their lives in a digital age. This global connectivity between the Internet and devices presents governments and organizations with tremendous opportunities to reduce operating costs, increase employee productivity, enhance citizen experiences, improve agency connectivity, and accelerate meaningful innovation.
The main aim of the workshop is to address the impact of Internet of Things and smart solutions in enabling the decision making process through various technical, social, economic and political perspectives. The workshop will attempt to highlight how Internet of Things tools can have a significant role in shaping the digital future of the human life through greater connectivity and ultimate functionality.
In order for decision-makers to meet the aspirations of nations, they need to pay attention to the role of IoT tools in impacting performance since IoT goes hand in hand with efficiency, transparency and accountability. Decision makers need to learn the importance of embracing data-driven decision making through the engagement of various multi-stakeholders. in addition, decision-making is now based on a combination of our knowledge, experience, intuition, and data. Data-driven decision-making is accurate, on time, valuable, and actionable data.
In formulating the digital future of the human life -especially in developing nations-, welfare and prosperity can be achieved through the use of modern day technologies such as medical treatment databases, cell phones to improve livelihoods, and computers to enable ability the citizens to compete for online jobs in the global market. In this context, governments can become closer to its people through the use of information technology and communications and utilizing smart solutions to increase efficiency and help in making their lives better.
Whilst ICTs are generally adaptable; their effectiveness in addressing development issues still depends on utilizing smart solutions and the Internet of Things tools to encourage a healthy and regulatory environment.
The workshop will address the impact of internet of things and smart solutions on the decision making process through the following questions:
Relevance of the Session:
The workshop will tackle the role of Internet of Things in shaping the digital future since the Internet of Things is shaping human life with greater connectivity and ultimate functionality, and all this is happening through networking to the Internet where no limits exist to what can be connected to the Internet. Internet of Things can begin to reach its full potential—especially if leaders truly embrace data-driven decision making.
Tag 1: Internet of Things
Tag 2: Digital Future
Tag 3: Multistakeholder
Interventions:
The workshop will include speakers from multistakeholders various backgrounds in order to provide diverse inputs and opinions about the supportive role of smart solutions in the decision making process and the international best practices in the Internet of Things.
Diversity:
The speakers represent different organizations including international organizations working in international development, government entities concerned with information technology and communication, african institutions working in the field of ICT from a regional perspective. Gender balance is taken into consideration in selecting the speakers for the workshop. The proposed speakers represent geographical, gender and multi-stakeholders (government, international organizations, independent consultant, private sector, etc.)
Onsite Moderator: Mr. Menghestab Haile
Online Moderator: Ms. Iman Mahdy
Rapporteur: Ms. Hoda Salah
Online Participation:
Online participation will be available during the workshop to enable participants from different countries who did not have the opportunity to participate in person in IGF 2017 to engage in the discussions and share their views about the topic. Remote participants are encouraged to send their questions/comments and the speakers will respond and interact accordingly. They will have the opportunity to interact on an equal basis with those from in-room participants.
Discussion facilitation:
Speakers will present their speech/presentations in 5 minutes (each). Presentations will be followed by an open discussion where participants are welcomed to comment and interact in the workshop (30 min.)
The workshop will be concluded by a wrap up covering the key questions raised during the session (5 min.)
Workshop Format
The workshop will take the format of a moderated roundtable discussion which will give both the speakers and the participants from different backgrounds and expertise the opportunity to get together in an interactive setting where all views and ideas can be shared equally. This format is useful in raising multiple questions and in engaging in meaningful dialogue while the moderator will work to ensure that critical elements of the engagements are documented and shared afterwards. The workshop will depend on the role of the moderation in posing different questions to the speakers and the audience and lead the participants in agreeing to the discussion points.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Additional Speakers:Mrs. Estherine Fotabong, NEPAD's Director of Programme Implementation and Coordination
Estherine Lisinge-Fotabong is the Director of the Programme Implementation and Coordination Directorate of the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA). Before that, she was the UNEP Country Liaison Officer for South Africa and the Environment Adviser to the NEPAD Secretariat. Before joining UNEP, she held several positions including: Assistant Lecturer in Law at the University of Soa, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Director of Policy and Strategy; WWF Central African Regional Programme Office – Biodiversity and NEPAD Programme Officer with UNEP-DGEF. Mrs. Fotabong has a Master’s degree in Law as well as in International Affairs specializing in International Policy and Practice.
Mrs. Dalia Salem, Head of the European Sector, Egyptian Ministry of International Cooperation
Agenda:Organizer: The Egyptian Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center (IDSC)
Co-organizer: World Food Programme (WFP) in Cairo, Egypt & AFICTA
Format: The workshop will take the format of a moderated roundtable discussion which will give both the speakers and the participants from different backgrounds and expertise the opportunity to get together in an interactive setting where all views and ideas can be shared equally. This format is useful in raising multiple questions and in engaging in meaningful dialogue while the moderator will work to ensure that critical elements of the engagements are documented and shared afterwards. The workshop will depend on the role of the moderation in posing different questions to the speakers and the audience and lead the participants in agreeing to the discussion points.
Duration: 60 minutes
Forum Host : Ms. Nirvana Farrag, Director General, International Cooperation Department-the Egyptian Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center, IDSC (5 min)
Speakers: (35 min. - sorted alphabetically)
Speakers represent different organizations including international organizations working in international development, government entities concerned with information technology and communication, African institutions working in the field of ICT from a regional perspective. Gender balance is taken into consideration in selecting the speakers for the workshop. The proposed speakers represent geographical, gender and multi-stakeholders (government, international organizations, indepen
...
'Out of my hands?: Harnessing exponential tech and user centered action to counteract sextortion'
Proposer: Marjolijn Bonthuis
E-mail: marjolijn.bonthuis@ecp.nl
Stakeholder Group: Intergovernmental Organization
Organization: NLIGF
Country: Netherlands
Co-proposer: Catherine Garcia van Hoogstraten
Email: C.vanHoogstraten@hhs.nl
Stakeholder Group: Technical Community
Organization: The Hague University of Applied Sciences, South School of Internet Governance
Country: The Netherlands
Co-organizers:
Arda, Gerkens, Civil Society, Director of the expertise bureau Online Child Abuse & INHOPE, Dutch Senator
Catherine Garcia van Hoogstraten, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, South School of Internet Governance
Session Format: Birds of a feather- 90 Min
Format description: The goal of this Birds of a feather session is to create an open forum and multistakeholder dialogue in which the attendees generate the majority of the discussion and knowledge sharing. The session will be organized as a facilitated and highly interactive dialogue through which each participant will have the opportunity to express their position.
After introducing the case in point with a video (max. 3 minutes), the moderator will ask the speakers a round of 3 key critical questions posed in the introduction to the session that will reflect the main goals of this session explained below. The speakers will have 5 minutes each for reacting to the 3 critical questions(total of 35 minutes). We will use green cards to let all onsite and online participants signal their convergence and red to signal their divergence with the 3 critical questions(40 minutes). We will ask during the discussions to justify their view points of convergence or divergence in relation to the questions. We have used this format already in prior internet governance national forums and turned out to be very interactive.
Content of the session:
The internet is shaping our life in many ways, some of it being a bliss, some being terrible. Sex is an important part of the internet, but so far the use of internet as a part of sexual exploration has had its downside. Society likes to blame the one who made the pictures, saying that by not having them, you will not be at risk. But the real problem is the anonymous spreading on the internet. Letting these images go public is a nightmare to many people. What if you could decide if, how and where an image is spread? What can you do to be in control of your own images made?
This birds of a feather session will address the current theme of sextortion and the tech responsiveness of websites and applications to help victims in sextortion incidents need of minimizing and controlling the impact and scale of this form of online harassment based on non-consensual distribution of sexual images. It will advance our understanding of the attempts in the ecosystem technical response to tackle with sextortion
It will mainly survey emerging exponential technology and user centered action being deployed by multistakeholders to counteract sextortion. Furthermore, this session will bring together different stakeholders to facilitate a joint discussion with online and onsite participants on the challenges and opportunities brought by this emerging exponential technology to tackle sextortion.
The session has four main GOALS:
1. Explore key emerging exponential technology and user centered action being deployed by multistakeholders to counteract sextortion
2. Identify its challenges and opportunities and its implications for Internet Governance
The expected OUTCOMES include the following:
1. Nuanced understanding of current emerging exponential technology and user centered action being deployed by multistakeholders to counteract sextortion and its implications for Internet Governance
2. Multistakeholder dialogue and commitment to contribute to draft policy recommendations to help victims in sextortion incidents
Relevance of the Session:
To be in control of your digital images, being able to stop spreading of leaked images or being made under sextortion, should be a possibility with the technologies out there. That would truly be shaping your future on the internet. These new tech tools will be using image matching technology combined with AI to stop a photo from being shared before it even gets a chance to make it live on the platform and will also work across other platforms like Facebook, Messenger or Instagram.
Tags:
Tag 1: Cybersecurity
Tag 2: Child Safety
Tag 3: Multistakeholder action
Tag 4: New Technology and emerging issues
Tag 5: Ethical dimensions of technology mediation
Discussion facilitation:
Organizers will develop a list of thought-provoking questions to spur conversation. In addition, we will closely work with the remote moderator to ensure online participants are afforded equal opportunity to participate.
As a birds of a feather session, we hope for a lively, perhaps confrontational discussion as our speakers engage as peers with the other participants around the table. The onsite moderator will sharpen contrasts between points of view, request examples from everyone in the room, and note points of covergence and divergence with respect to the 3 critical questions. The goal of this session is not necessarily to reach consensus on the nature of the problem or potential mitigations, but rather to elucidate a variety of frank points of view, and perceptions of what key internet stakeholders ought to be doing in response. This is not a panel, and as such all speakers will be looking to engage substantively with the others in the room.
Online Participation:
The livestream for this event will be promoted in advance through the social networks of the organizer, as well as by discussants. Responses to the session’s key discussion topics will be solicited in advance from community members who will not be able to participate in the live discussion, such as those located in time zones not conducive to viewing the livestream. Questions and comments received will be shared with the Onsite Moderator for incorporation into the live discussion. During the live session, the Online Moderator will coordinate with remote participants to facilitate live audio participation in the discussion if technical media permit. In addition, non-audio based comments and questions received through social media or chat discussions in the virtual meeting space will be integrated into the discussion directly by the Online Moderator.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/index.php?q=filedepot_download/4098/301Dui
Discussants:
* Arda Gerkens, Director of Expertisebureau Online Child Abuse, Dutch Senator, President of INHOPE
* Neil Walsh, United Nations Cybercrime Chief, UNODC
* Catherine Garcia van Hoogstraten, Technology, Internet Policy and Cybersecurity Consultant, Liaison and Associate Professor at the Faculty of Public Management, Law and Security -The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Vising Faculty at the South School of Internet Governance
* Karuna Nain, Facebook's Global Safety Programs Manager
* Semanur Karaman, Coordinator Political Participation, Gender and Tech at Tactical Tech Collective
*Walid Al Sagaf, Vice Chair at ISOC Blockchain Special Interest Group
* Renata Aquino, Researcher in Education, Communication and Technology, member of ISOC Blockchain
* Su Sonia Hearing, Mentor at Middle East & Adjoining Countries School of Internet Governance, Organizing Committee Member Youth IGF Turkey
* Gregory Mounier, Head of Outreach and Support at EUROPOL
* Claudio Lucena, Visiting Researcher at Georgetown University
* Olga Cavalli, Director of the South School of Internet Governance, ICANN GAC Advisor on the Special Group of Technology Affairs
Onsite Moderator: Catherine Garcia van Hoogstraten
Online Moderator: Vanessa Berning and Renata Aquino
Rapporteur: Wilma Westenberg
Agenda:Proposed Agenda:
Welcome and Overview - 2 minutes Moderator
Overview of the problematic through a video – 3 minutes
Speakers reacting to the 3 critical questions - 35 minutes
Open discussion among audience participants facilitated by Moderator and speaker acting as discussion Facilitators- 40 minutes
Summarize outcomes – 10 minutes
...
TOWARDS GLOBAL GOOD PRACTICE IN IOT
(please find the opening presentation below)
The IGF Dynamic Coalition on the Internet of Things (IoT) brings together stakeholders from all over the world to engage in a dialogue on “good practice” in IoT, with the intent to find a realistic and long term sustainable way forward.
Since the 3rd Internet Governance Forum (IGF) meeting in Hydrabad (2008), IoT has been on the agenda for multi-stakeholder discussions of all IGFs, and the Dynamic Coalition on IoT continues to raise attention for the potential as well as challenges of the emergence of a world in which increasing amounts of sensors and actuators connected to the Internet and collect, act and share data, with other things and people.
The Internet of Things is developing at increasing speed and rapidly becoming a necessity in many sectors, in order to be able to provide services that otherwise would not have been possible or affordable. At the same time, over the last year the IoT has also been used in DDOS attacks and for other criminal and/or harmful actions.With this, establishing a global bottom line of good practice is becoming increasing urgent to ensure we find ourselves in a world that respects and supports people and society, and that offers effective and affordable services for all.
The DC workshop is oriented around 3 key issues that are reflecting our current thinking working towards a common appreciation of IoT good practice in 2016. These ideas are at the core of the draft declaration on IoT best practice that has been published on the IGF website. The ideas on which we would like to receive feedback are:
Feedback and suggestions are welcome.
Agenda
Committed contributors:
For this session, we have asked representatives from government, industry, civil society and the technical community to prepare some opening statements in the full understanding that IoT is inevitable, and an increasing part of the fabric of our society; and that it comes with challenges we need to address, from multiple stakeholders' perspectives, in order to make sure we are building a society we are willing to live in.
We are looking forward to introductions by the following delegates:
Moderator:
Avri Doria is a Principal Researcher with Technicalities, a research group supporting human rights and public interest concerns. She is a key contributor to the work of DC IoT, and Board Member of ICANN. She has been deeply involved in a variety of functions within ICANN and GNSO since 2005. In 2005 she was elected to the GNSO council to represent the NCSG. In 2013 she served as a member of the Accountability and Transparency Review Team that reviewed ICANN’s governance model. In June 2014 at ICANN 50 in London, Avri received the first ever ICANN Multistakeholder Ethos Award.
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The IGF DC IoT is an open, global platform that proposes taking ethical considerations into account from the outset, both in the development, deployment and use phases of the life cycle, thus to find a sustainable way ahead using IoT helping to create a free, secure and enabling rights based environment. The text of the IoT Global Good Practice paper can be found and commented at https://www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/content/internet-of-things-good-practice-policies-dc-on-internet-of-things.
Chairman of the DC IoT is Maarten Botterman is Director of GNKS Consult BV and has over 25 years relevant experience on Internet and IT Technologies, Governance, and how it affects the way we work, live and organize our societies. He is Chairman of the IGF Dynamic Coalition since IGF 2014. Currently, he is. also Board Member of ICANN, Chairman of the Policy Expert Group of PICASSO, and Chairman of the Supervisory Board of NLnet Foundation. His work has included projects of relevance for IoT since 2001, including recent work on standards, security, and data protection. For more information on his work see www.gnksconsult.com.
Please watch this space for further updates.For more information on the Coalition, please go to http://www.iot-dynamic-coalition.org/.
...
Round table, 90 minutes long.
Relevance of the issue
A blockchain is a distributed database that maintains a continuously growing list of ordered records. By design, blockchains are inherently resistant to changes in the data; once recorded, the data in a block cannot be altered retroactively. The blockchain is actually a way to structure data. It is usually associated with the foundation of cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Despite this more usual implementation blockchain can be also applied to several other situations where it is necessary to keep an ownership history for information and interactions. It has the potential for many other uses, for example, helping to develop more transparent and distributed social and economic structures. The session is quite relevant to shed light on the debate of all these uses of the blockchain technology. Among several different alternative uses for the blockchain technologies, we can highlight some: a proof of concept in which blockchain is used to track artwork objects as well as loan processes between museums; the Massachusetts Institute of Technology created a proof of concept to make available course completion certificates, enabling the authenticity inspection of them without the need of nominated authorities; United Arab Emirates proposed a solution to track diamond’s origins with the use of blockchain technologies; a commercial solution for the use of Internet of Things equipment along with blockchain systems so as to improve trustworthiness in any sort of transaction; and there’s also an ongoing debate prospecting possible uses of blockchain as a replacement for Digital Rights Management (DRM) technologies.
Onsite moderator(s)
Representatives from: Dr. Yuri Grin
Dr. Grin will also share the info about ITU blockchain focus group.
Online moderator(s)
Online moderator: Armenia IGF
Online participation and interaction will rely on the WebEx platform. Those joining the session using WebEx (either invited members of the Panel or the general audience) will be granted the floor in the discussion segment of the workshop. People in charge of moderation will strive to entertain onsite and remote participation indiscriminately. One idea is to inscribe everybody (onsite and online participants) in a single queue and project it onto the screen. Social media (twitter) will also be employed by the online moderators who will be in charge of browsing social media using some hashtags (to be defined).
Rapporteur(s)
China IGF, Nigeria IGF, Armenia IGF, Brazil IGF
Online participation logistics
Online participants will be treated equally as the onsite, and the online moderator will post guiding questions to have them engaged.
Discussion facilitation
The discussion will be facilitated by the onsite moderators who will guide the debate and comments session in the end.
Audience members (onsite and online participants) will inscribe in a single queue that will be projected onto the screen to facilitate the speech organization. Onsite moderator will call each one in order to speak and the online moderator in the case of remote participants.
Proposer's Name: Ms. Gunela Astbrink
Proposer's Organization: Women With Disabilities Australia
Co-Proposer's Name: Mr. Shadi Abou-Zahra
Co-Proposer's Organization: W3c
Co-Organizers:
Ms.,Gunela,ASTBRINK,Civil Society,Women With Disabilities Australia
Mr.,Shadi,ABOU-ZAHRA,Technical Community,W3c
Session Format: Birds of a Feather - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: Australia
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: France
Stakeholder Group: Technical Community
Speaker: Vint Cerf
Speaker: Maarten Botterman
Speaker: Shadi Abou-Zahra
Speaker: Satish Babu
Speaker: Timmers Paul
Speaker: Gerry Ellis
Speaker: Judith Ann Okite
Content of the Session:
This session will discuss how people with disability can benefit from various applications related to the Internet of Things as well as discussing how to reduce potential barriers.
People with disability use ambient assistive technologies that are especially designed to support independent living. This may include control of lighting, doors, heating, entertainment and security systems integrated through accessible interfaces. These assistive technologies have been expensive. The Internet of Things will mean mainstreaming of such systems. However, interoperability with existing systems and accessible user interface design need to be taken into account so new barriers are not created.
This session brings together experts from the private sector, civil society and international organisations to discuss how policy, standards and innovative design can help to ensure that the Internet of Things is inclusive of many parts of the community.
Sample discussion questions:
Give examples of how the Internet of Things will benefit people with disability
Where will the future take the Internet of Things?
Explain some of the possible barriers
How can we ensure that new barriers are not erected for people with disability?
What role does policy development play?
What role do standards play?
(Other questions and discussion points are likely to arise during the session)
The session agenda:
• Introduction of topic (5 mins)
• Short statements (5 mins each) by subject matter experts (35 mins)
• Set questions by moderator to stimulate discussion among subject matter experts and workshop participants including remote participants (40 mins)
• Summary of key points raised (5 mins)
Relevance of the Session:
The Internet of Things is a ‘hot’ topic especially from the privacy and security aspect. This is a key area of concern for Internet governance as reflected in many fora including the Dynamic Coalition of the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things is shaping our digital future in all areas of our lives. This session will add accessibility for people with disability in terms of the benefits and challenges of the Internet of Things in future. The outcomes of this session will provide direct input into the Dynamic Coalition on the Internet of Things as well as the Dynamic Coalition on Accessibility and Disability.
Tag 1: Internet of Things
Tag 2: Enhancing Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities
Tag 3: Access and Diversity
Interventions:
Vint Cerf will offer valuable insights into the future direction of the Internet of Things; disability representatives will offer their lived experience of the value that the Internet of Things may provide; policy perspectives will be provided by Maarten Botterman of the Dynamic Coalition on the Internet of Things and Paul Timmers; international accessibility standards will be discussed by Shadi Abou-Zahra and a technical perspective from Asia will be provided by Satish Babu.
Diversity:
Four people in the session have a disability, one of whom is from Kenya, Africa. Both the onsite and online moderators are women as well as two speakers who are yet to be confirmed. While there is a larger number of participants from the Western European region, there is one participant from Asia and one from Africa. Stakeholder groups are well-represented with participants from the private sector, civil society and technical community and have a broad range of policy perspectives.
Onsite Moderator: Gunela Astbrink
Online Moderator: Shreedeep Rayamajhi
Rapporteur: Ivan Ng
Online Participation:
The online moderator is skilled and as a previous MAG member and from the African region, recognises the importance of remote participation. People with disability often do not have the resources to travel to IGF and therefore online participation is essential in this session. The online moderator will plan with the onsite moderator to ensure the remote participation in the session room works well beforehand. The online moderator will be seated next to or in clear sight of the onsite moderator (depending on the room) to intervene when there are online comments. The onsite moderator will ask the online moderator at regular intervals during the session if there are any online interventions.
Discussion facilitation:
The moderator will stimulate discussion and debate through the Birds of a Feather format. All speakers are subject matter experts but will speak from their own policy perspectives during the guided discussion. The moderator will ensure that audience members and online participants are encouraged to be part of the discussion throughout the session by asking directly for interventions.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/wks2014/index.php/proposal/view_public/99
Additional Reference Document Link: https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/107831
Andrea Saks
Agenda:
• Introduction of topic (5 mins)
• Short statements (5 mins each) by subject matter experts (35 mins)
• Set questions by moderator to stimulate discussion among subject matter experts and workshop participants including remote participants (40 mins)
• Summary of key points raised (5 mins)
Proposer's Name: Ms. Vanessa Berning
Proposer's Organization: Young NL IGF
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Marjolijn Bonthuis-Krijger
Co-Proposer's Organization: NL IGF
Co-Organizers:
Mrs., Vanessa, BERNING, Civiel Society, Young NL IGF
Mrs., Marjolijn, BONTHUIS-KRIJGER, Civiel Society, NL IGF
Session Format: Debate - 60 Min
Proposer:
Country: Netherlands
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: Netherlands
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: Florian Daniel
Speaker: Su Sonia Hering
Speaker: Krishna Kumar
Speaker: Michael Joseph Oghia
Speaker: Elolo Emmanuel Agbenonwossi
Speaker: Yolanda Mlonzi
Speaker: Mariana de Vasconcellos
Speaker: David Krystof
Speaker: Arda Gerkens
Speaker: Wilma Westenberg
Speaker: Jacob Boersma
Content of the Session:
Fake news is not a recent issue and has been around for years, but the scope is scope is rising rapidly since the rise of social media. Algorithms determine what news we can see on social media, for example on Facebook. This creates the so called ‘filter bubble’, which means we only see news related to our interests and blocks out other news and opinions. Such a bubble prevents us from seeing the whole picture and makes us susceptible to manipulation. We consume news through various channels and cannot see the difference between fact and fiction. Our view of the world is therefore strongly influenced. Will this result in a world where we no longer believe in news shared on social media? Do we have to accept this or do we have to look for solutions to fight against fake news? In concrete terms, there is a fundamental trust problem.
There is a growing need for fact-checkers, currently we are mainly looking at journalists. But should we not address the readers themselves here? What measures should be taken to combat fake news from professional journalist, news sites and user generated news in an efficient manner?
In Germany, the Minister of Justice, Heiko Maas, wants to hand out fines to social networking sites that do not remove threatening online postings quickly. In addition, Heiko Maas wants to appoint one person within the relevant company responsible for all complaints. Is this the solution against user generated news? Can we even design a system in which we are collectively responsible for filtering truths? Or can Blockchain be part of the solution?
Blockchain is a system in which confidential data is distributed across the chain. No longer are authorities responsible for monitoring the truth: the whole network is responsible. In this IGF panel session we will discuss possible solutions and whether such new developments as Blockchain can help to fight against fake news. In the Netherlands, DUIC, design research bureau's CAPADA, DIG and MILVUM have already established a pilot around Utrechts news, where they using blockchain to exchange confidential information and to assess information. DUIC wants to see how a system of trust can be established with the use of blockchain. Their insights and knowledge are also taken to the IGF and serve as input for the discussion.
Tag 1: Fakenews
Tag 2: Blockchain
Tag 3: Youth
Interventions:
The organizers invite sprekers actively and prepare them for the questions to come. The moderator invites those present to share their meaning and have them respond to each other. This leads up to formulations of possible solutions and recommendations by the room.
Diversity:
The divisiveness of the session has been fully considered. The current list of organizers and speakers is significantly mixed based on gender, age, background and country of origin. The debate is organized by and for young (expert) people. With this we try to involve more young people in socially relevant subjects and give them the opportunity to let hear their voice and talk about topics that determine their future. Furthermore, the discussed issue concerns an urgent social issue, that enhances a multi-stakeholder cooperation. During the session, we create a 'mini-ecosystem panel' to crystallize idea's from multiple points of view into possible solutions against fake news. Participants from the following backgrounds are confirmed: academia, business, government staff, experts, technician and youth.
Onsite Moderator: Walid Al-Saqaf
Online Moderator: Sophie Veraart
Reporter: Marjolijn Bonthhuis
Youth participation
The voice of young people will play a particular role. A Young NL IGF debate will be organized in collaboration with youngsters, students and researchers from the University of Amsterdam as preparation of the IGF. Complementary to this, a social media campaign will help to give further visibility to the panel session both prior, during and after the event, opening the discussion to a wider online audience.
Online Participation:
Remote participation will be ensured through prior involvement of various stakeholders from across the world. We will make sure the faciltiy and assistance is available for those who would like to attend online. Our online moderators will take the responsibility of frequently communication with online participants and get the feedback from them simultaneoulsy. Questions and comments from online attendees will be included in the workshop session on an equal basis with those from in-room participants. A microphone will be provided for the online participants, and the remote moderator will coordinate the overall queue with the in-room moderator.
Discussion facilitation:
The session will be an open discussion. First, the moderator Walid Al-Saqaf will give a brief introduction and outline the issues. Next, the moderator actively invites the speakers to briefly outline their views on how to address these issues. Our panel consists is a mix of a mini ecosystems: youth, government, experts, business, lawyer, technicus, academia. This will give a broad look at the social issue that we face globally. After this round, there will be a discussion with the visitors, online audience and speakers. During the debate we focus on 3 main topics:
The moderator coordinates the process and ensures that people are actively involved in asking open questions. These will be prepared in advance. There is also the possibility for external and online audiences to ask questions. Depending on the room, either microphones will be available for participants to queue, or one or two persons will circulate with roving mics. The moderator actively asks panelists to respond to questions from the (online) audience.
Program
- Opening by moderator (5 min)
- Statement panel members (2 min each = 12 min)
- Open discussion:
1. How can we create a system in which the whole network is responsible for monitoring the truth? (12 min)
2. Which possible solutions are there for reducing fake news? (12 min)
3. How can Blockchain be part of the solution of fake news? (12 min)
- Wrap up by the moderator (10 min)
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: https://www.nligf.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Report-workshop-153-Let27s-break-down-silos.pdf
Additional Speakers:
As we had too many speakers, we skipped a few names on the list. This is the new list of speakers:
Moderator: Walid Al-Saqaf
Youth: Su Sonia Hering
Government/Politics: Arda Gerkens
Expert: Emmanuel Elolo
Business: MIchael J. Oghia
Lawyer: Mariana de Vasconcellos
Technicus: Florian Daniel
Academia: Michel van Eetem
Agenda:
Program
- Opening and introduction by moderator (5 min)
- Statement panel members (2 min each = 12 min)
- Open discussion:
1. How can we create a system in which the whole network is responsible for monitoring the truth? (12 min)
2. Which possible solutions are the
Proposer's Name: Mr. Danilo Bakovic
Proposer's Organization: Counterpart International
Co-Proposer's Name: Mr. Dominic Bellone
Co-Proposer's Organization: Counterpart International
Co-Organizers:
Mr. Dominic BELLONE Civil Society, Counterpart International
Mr. Robert GUERRA, Special Advisor, Technical Community, Counterpart International
Session Format: Round Table - 90 Min
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
The internet’s promise as an open civic space for democratic participation has increasingly come under assault, whether by government laws targeting political dissent online, censorship, and network disruptions, to the sophisticated use of troll farms, gender-based hate speech, and propaganda to poison public discourse. Moreover, civil society elements most concerned with the ever increasing erosion of online rights - - investigative journalists, digital rights activists, and academic policy analysts -- are often under-resourced, and suffer from a lack of unity and direction necessary for effective counter advocacy.A seasoned panel of activists, academic researchers, press and media specialists report out dispatches from the front lines of four countries facing unique challenges and threats to online civic spaces and democratic engagement: Sri Lanka, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe. We’ll cover everything from “hybrid warfare” and gender based harassment online, to a new ministry of cybersecurity, threat detection and mitigation, and attempts to use hate speech codes to stifle free expression.
This collaborative and multidisciplinary effort aims to highlight and present traditionally under-represented stakeholders and issues in this forum, and encourages audience participation.Moderator: Dominic Bellone, Sr. Program Officer, Counterpart International
Speaker: Guy Berger, UNESCO
Speaker: Nalaka Gunawardene, science writer, journalist and development communication specialist (Colombo, Sri Lanka)
Speaker: Andrii Paziuk Taras Shevchenko University (Kyiv, Ukraine), Hubert Humphrey Fellow, American University Washington College of Law.
Speaker: Iria Puyosa, Researcher and consultant on political communication, stakeholders relations, internet policies and digital strategy, (Quito, Ecuador)
Speaker: Earnest Mudzengi, Executive Director, Media Centre (Harare, Zimbabwe)
Speaker: Vitaliy Moroz, Director of New Media Development, Internews-Ukraine (Kyiv)
Speaker: Sachini Perera is a Sri Lankan feminist activist currently based in Malaysia. She has a background in law, journalism and international relations, and has worked in strategic communications and advocacy with feminist and women’s rights organizations for the last decade.
Proposer's Name: Ms. Malavika Jayaram
Proposer's Organization: Digital Asia Hub
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Julianne Chan
Co-Proposer's Organization: Digital Asia Hub
Co-Organizers:
Mr. Kyung Sin Park, Civil Society, Open Net Korea
Ms. Vidushi Marda, Civil Society, Centre for Internet and Society
Session Format: Round Table - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: Vidushi Marda
Speaker: KS Park
Speaker: Malavika Jayaram
Content of the Session: (updated Dec 20th with refined session description and complete speaker list)
Ideas about the future and about what progress means are heavily contested, and context-specific. Digital Asia Hub set out to investigate whether the future of artificial intelligence - heralded as a game changing technology - was constructed and implemented differently in Asia, and to explore whether the problems that AI was deployed in service of signalled different socioeconomic aspirations and fears. Was the focus on health, ageing and augmentation uniquely Asian? Was the lack of a “creep factor” about machine intelligence unremarkable in cultures accustomed to mythical creatures and legendary spirits ? Was the lack of legal safeguards a competitive advantage that spurred innovation in this field, or a regulatory gap that needed attention? We also wanted to kick-start a deeper conversation about ethics and governance, before policies and regulations baked in the business case for AI without factoring in the potential human costs and collateral effects. We felt this was particularly crucial in this region, where commerce can trump dignity, autonomy and inalienable human rights by stealth.
We conducted a 3-city "AI in Asia" conference series in Hong Kong, Seoul and Tokyo between November 2016 and March 2017. The 3 events covered themes such as ethics, security, privacy, innovation, healthcare, urban planning, automation and the future of labour, legal implications, authorship and creativity, and AI for social good. This series unearthed critical lessons in a region that many AI researchers are only now setting their sights on. We will share insights from that multistakeholder, interdisciplinary conference series. We will also share some insights from an event on AI and Trust, which we convened during the 39th International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners, which took place in Hong Kong in September.
Building on the lessons from our AI series, we will be convening deep dives into the research questions that have particular salience in the developing world when it comes to the AI. We will be collaborating with partners in Asia, such as the Centre for Internet and Society, India, on reseraching issues such as autonomy, discrimination, privacy, and the replication of existing societal disparities and bias. We will also examine the question of how to optimize the positive benefits of AI for societal gain, without harming individuals (especially marginalised and digitally unsophisticated users in the Global South). In this session, Elonnai Hickock from CIS will share their new work in this area, particulalry focused on healthcare as a use case.
Our agenda is to present a synthesis of the key findings from these 2 projects, especially of themes that are distinct from the (so far largely western-focused) narrative about the promise and perils of AI. We will then open up the discussion to include insights from others working with AI in Asia:
Vidushi Marda, Article 19
KS Park, OpenNet Korea and Korea University Law School
Jac sm Kee, lead, Women's Rights Programme at APC
Jake Lucchi, Head of Content and AI, Public Policy, Google Asia Pacific, Hong Kong
Danit Gal, Yenching Scholar, Peking University, China, & Chair, Outreach Committee, The IEEE Global AI Ethics Initiative
Relevance of the Session:
Relevance of the Issue:
Our session has particular relevance for the following Internet Governance (IG) issues:
- the governance of infrastructure: The technologies and platforms that AI is built on and in turn shapes (through machine learning and deep learning) have huge implications for how search, browsing, tracking, surveillance, advertising and other activities are carried out
- the question of inclusion and multistakeholder governance: Many technologies are developed in Silicon Valley or in a western technological paradigm, then "exported" fully-formed to the rest of the world, leaving little room for other interests and perspectives. For example, it has taken a while for the Internet to be governed in a more inclusive and global way, thanks to efforts like the IGF which promote diversity and multistakeholder problem-solving. We want AI not to be another game changing technology that is deployed without the input of global perspectives and diverse, lived experiences
- the issue of transparency and scrutability - AI poses particular risks to the idea of understanding and controlling the systems that we create, given that - by design - it is not coded upfront, and learns on the go, from real life datasets. The idea of transparency and accountability of systems that seem opaque and inscrutable is particularly key to the governance of AI.
Our session is also extremely relevant for the construction of a Digital Future: AI will shape, and is itself shaped, by human behaviour, and has implications for everything from the future of work to informational self determination to the costs of inclusion and exclusion. AI is already “under the hood” in many of the world’s most popular technologies, including browsers, mobile phones, apps, telephone communication with banks and service providers, decision making about credit and benefits, policing and law enforcement, and other aspects affecting citizenship and participation. If we don’t get this right, the social contract between individuals on the one hand, and governments and companies on the other, will be severely imbalanced. If our Digital Future is to be an inclusive, just, transparent and equitable one, a discussion of AI in Asia, not just the western tech hubs, is hugely important.
Tag 1: Artificial Intelligence
Tag 2: Inclusive Digital Futures
Tag 3: Emerging Tech
[Original proposal follows, slightly updated as above]
Interventions:
3 of us, myself, Prof. Park and Vidushi Marda, will present a synthesis about AI in Asia based on the findings from our 2 reports, as described. We will prepare a joint presentation, with each of us highlighting aspects of the findings based on our individual expertise. My perspective, as the Executive Director of a regional hub that organized these events to build capacity about AI; Prof. Park's perspective on how the more developed Asian economies see and implement AI, and what legal or regulatory safeguards might be needed; and Ms. Marda's thoughts on how developing economies approach AI and which angles are different from that of the prevailing western narrative.
Diversity:
Our session has 3 primary presenters, of which 2 are women. I am based in Hong Kong, of Indian ethnicity and British citizenship, running an organization with a regional mandate for Asia, incubated by the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University. Ms. Marda is also female, is based in India, and is the youngest and freshest to the field, out of our group. She represents the Centre for Internet and Society in Bangalore, which has done great work in the field of internet governance and digital rights. She is the next generation of policy advocates in this 10 year old organization. Prof Park is male, based in Seoul, and is a reputed law professor and advocate, as a co-founder of Open Net Korea. He is well known to the IGF world.
I am a first time IGF session organizer, Ms. Marda has never attended an IGF before this one, and Prof. Park has significant experience with the IGF system and the internet governance space. We therefore represent developing and developed perspectives within Asia, a geographic mix, and policy perspectives.
We will invite people from the technical, governmental and private sector worlds to participate in our roundtable, especially those who participated in our AI in Asia series and our Indian capacity building workshop. We have named them here, given the roundtable format, as we wish to treat all prospective attendees voices as equally valuable. However, we will exert considerable efforts to generate a multistakeholder universe within the room, to better engage with the issues. We will especially reach out to young persons whose experience of AI might be very different, to persons with disabilities, and to different geographies.
Onsite Moderator: Malavika Jayaram
Online Moderator: Julianne Chan
Rapporteur: Julianne Chan
Online Participation:
We would be very happy to permit online participation. We have use of the Berkman Klein Center and Harvard Law School's "Question Tool" platform, and will set up an instance in advance of the event to solicit questions during our presentations. Our online moderator will raise them during the interactive part of our 90 minute session (we will present for 30 minutes amongst 3 of
Proposer's Name: Mr. Parminder Jeet Singh
Proposer's Organization: Just Net Coalition
Co-Proposer's Name: Mr. Roberto Bissio
Co-Proposer's Organization: Social Watch
Co-Organizers:
Mr. Parminder Jeet, SINGH, civil society, Just Net Coalition,
Mr. Roberto, BISSIO, civil society, Social Watch,
Mr. Hans KLIEN, academic community, Georgia Tech
Valeria BETANCOURT, civil society, Association for Progressive Communications
Mishi CHOUDHARY, Technical community, Software Freedom Law Centre of India
Session Format: Round Table - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: India
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: Uruguay
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Speaker: Pretam Maloor
Speaker: Mishi Choudhary
Speaker: Hans Klein
Content of the Session:
The world had not yet gotten over its shock and awe at the power of open information flows, networking and then big data, that just within the last year or two we see that it will be artificial intelligence (AI) that could be the real game changer. AI hits at the very model of knowledge making that human civilisation has developed over millennia, which is at the base of all its evolution and development. Knowledge building was based on studying empirical facts, developing hypothesis, testing them and building theories and models of general action and prediction. Continuous micro digital mapping of human and allied activities puts so much data or 'facts' in the hands of machines that they can correlate them and find patterns that defy the most sophisticated existing model building practices. Correlation trumps causation and provides much greater predictive value, which can thus be used to control social and natural phenomenon. Whole systems of society can work pretty autonomously based on AI, which for the first time represents a wholesale disembodiment of intelligence as happened with mechanical power with the advent of the industrial revolution.
Those who control AI would be able to exert control across whole sectors, and whole of society, in ways that are unprecedented. Almost all of it is currently owned by corporation, and thus as the trends stand, AI powered society may represent a new level of corporatist re-organisation of society. A society requires both economic efficiency to maximise production as it requires political processes enforcing equity and social justice, for a just distribution of its productive outputs. AI may well solve the issue of production forever, which makes us need to focus on the processes for equity and justice. However, with near complete control over AI by a few corporates, and little political and regulatory advances in this area, it is not clear how AI will helps us more to a more equal rather than unequal society. With AI, where even the machine cannot spell out the basis of its actions other than justifying it with efficient results, the issues of ethics, equity and justice need to addressed anew, starting from conceptual levels, and building political processes and regulatory practices upon them.
This workshop will address these fundamental issues. How can human beings keep track of what AI systems are up to, what is the basis of their actions, which is necessary to anticipate and “control” them? Can some kind of ethical and regulatory super-instructions be built into all AI systems, as a politically enforced requirement, which overwrite all AI actions, however efficient they may otherwise it, and even “controls” its learning? How can these social and political imperatives override straightforward efficiency (and corporate interest) driven AI systems?
These are of course complex issues and questions that stand at the intersection of the socio-political realm and technology developments, which however, in our view, must be begun to be addressed right away as we stand at the cusp of a new technology wave, that could redefine social organisation.
Relevance of the Session:
Almost all big digital corporations have declared that AI will be core to their strategies. We are seeing corporations begin to dominate different social sectors, like transportation, e-commerce etc, increasingly employing AI. Governments like those of the US, UK, and EU have developed policy documents that begin to outline the significant issues regarding regulating AI, but these mostly only acknowledge that there are important social and political issues at hand, and yet do no more than nibble at the margins of the problem. There are alarming instances of AI making racially and gender-based prejudiced decisions on issues as diverse as whether a prisoner gets parole or not, to eligibility for social benefits, credit, employment etc. And of course AI is responsible for increasing displacement of labour, even at the white collar levels. Most of these issues have surfaced in the last two years or so, but the trend is such that massive changes in the next few years are predicted. The issues and questions that the proposal seeks to address therefore are both extremely important as well as urgent. We need a sustained process of dialogue among civil society groups, governments, businesses and the technical community in this regard.
Tag 1: Artificial Intelligence
Tag 2: Social Justice
Tag 3: Regulation
Interventions:
The listed speakers will make some opening remarks and the discussion will then be taken to the round table where everyone will be able to give their views, in two rounds, responding to two sets of questions posed by the moderator. Remote participants will be given an equal chance.
Diversity:
The list of initial speakers have a gender and geopolitical diversity. Since a round table format is being employed, we expect to hear a great diversity of views and perspectives.
Onsite Moderator: Parminder Jeet Singh
Online Moderator: Norbert Bollow
Rapporteur: Nandini Chami
Online Participation:
Online participation will be provided and facilitated, and remote participants given an equal chance to intervene as the physically present ones.
Discussion facilitation:
As mentioned, the subject will first be introduced very briefly by three speakers, and then the moderator will list two set of questions for two rounds of open participation by round table participants.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/wks2014/index.php/proposal/view_public/198
Additional Speakers:
Agenda:
The onsite moderator will open the session with a statement on the intention of workshop organisers. He will also provide a state of play on what is already being done in the area to ensure that artificial intelligence works for and not against equity and social justice, as is often the fear from many accounts of AI's impact.
Time assigned for the introduction is 5 minutes.
Following the moderator, the 5 subject-matter experts will be given 5 minutes each to give their views and perspectives on the issue described above.
Time assigned for the expert statements is 25 minutes
Following the introduction of the subject, and expert statements, interested persons from the attendees of the workshop will be given the opportunity to make short and focused interventions on the precise statement of the problem. They can also make suggestions/ prescribe directions to be taken to ensure that AI actually works for equity and social justice These proceedings will follow a round-table format and the moderator shall make sure that that interventions do not stray from these two avenues detailed above.
Time assigned for interventions is 50 minutes.
The session will conclude with each panelist detailing key take-aways from the session and indicating how it will influence their work going forward. Each speaker will be given 2 minutes.
Time assigned for the conclusion is 10 minutes
...
90 Min Panel co-organised by the OECD and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication (MIC) of Japan.The panel considered some of the social and economic policy considerations raised by Artificial Intelligence (AI), notably its implications for productivity, jobs, skills and education, but also issues related to ethics, safety and responsibility.
Workshop contacts: Karine Perset, Nobu Nishigata, Yuki Yokomori
Speakers : Wonki Min Masahiko Tominaga Karine Perset Joanna Bryson Carolyn Nguyen Karen McCabe Jean-Marc Rickli
Key themes that emerged from the presentations were that:
AI is a dual-use technology that holds considerable promise but that raises new economic, social, ethical and governance challenges.
AI is created by people who must take responsibility for shaping AI’s development and for deciding on AI’s place in society.
A partnership between technologists and policy makers is needed: technological choices increasingly carry policy implications.
There is a need for international best practice analysis and benchmarking of social and ethical implications of AI technologies.
A multi-stakeholder approach to policymaking for AI is essential to ensure a human-centric, positive, effective and inclusive digital future.
Each speaker gave a short presentation.
Wonki Min, Chair of the OECD’s Committee on Digital Economy Policy (CDEP), introduced the issues and speakers and moderated the discussion. The workshop was co-organised by the OECD and Japan’s Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) and focused on identifying priorities for public policy in relation to artificial intelligence and discussing the role of different stakeholders.
Masahiko Tominaga, Vice Minister for Policy Coordination at the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) presented the work conducted by MIC’s “Conference toward AI Network Society”, which was established to investigate social, economic, ethical and legal issues of AI that require international attention. The study assessed the impact and risks of AI networked systems, such as malfunction, leakage of sensitive data or bias in AI decision-making. It also formulated “AI R&D Guidelines” with five core values; human-centered, non-binding, balancing benefits & risks, technologically neutral and constantly reviewed and revised as necessary. It provided nine principles that AI researchers and developers should pay attention to: 1) collaboration; 2) transparency, 3) controllability, 4) safety, 5) security, 6) privacy, 7) ethics, 8) user assistance and 9) accountability.
Karine Perset, Economist/Policy Analyst, Digital Economy Policy Division at the OECD, introduced the OECD’s work on AI. The OECD Committee on Digital Economy – or CDEP – is beginning its analytical work on AI, taking stock of opportunities and challenges raised by AI and of national and international AI initiatives by governments and by stakeholder groups. The OECD also plans to look at ways to measure some of the impacts of AI and to consider high-level principles for AI to help guide the development of AI. She gave an overview of main findings of a recent OECD event that is informing the work going forward (http://oe.cd/ai) that involves the parts of the OECD that handle employment policy, education policy, consumer policy, privacy policy as well as science and technology policy and space policy, because AI impacts so many different economic and social areas.
Joanna Bryson, reader at the University of Bath in the UK and Affiliate at the Center for Information Technology Policy at Princeton University provided a high-level overview of the ethical dimensions of AI. Defining intelligence as doing the right thing at the right time in a dynamic environment, she said that intelligence requires: i) a set of contexts that can be perceived; ii) a set of actions that can be performed; and iii) associations between the detected contexts and the actions. She argued that Artificial General Intelligence is a myth, because AI, like natural intelligence, is constrained by what computer scientists term combinatorics (the inconceivably vast number of things an intelligent system might think or do) and because AI systems are constructed using architectures that limit AI to the knowledge and potential actions that make sense for a given application. She stressed that both humans and machine intelligence exploit existing knowledge and search that is shared via language. She added that both machines and reality tends to replicate biases. Defining ethics as the way a society defines and governs itself to ensure group-level stability, she said that AI and ethics are both authored by people who are responsible for deciding AI’s place. Unlike people, AI cannot be a moral subject or be liable as it cannot suffer / be punished.
Carolyn Nguyen, Director of Technology Policy at Microsoft recalled the economic promise of AI that could double economic growth by 2035, boost labor productivity and accelerate attainment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. She said that AI works by searching for patterns in large data sets and then by using these patterns to make predictions or recommendations. AI can help enable new leapfrogging when used by subject matter experts e.g. in healthcare. She highlighted that the OECD’s October 2017 conference (oe.cd/ai) had agreed on the need for: a human-centered AI that amplifies human ingenuity and earns the trust of all the stakeholders involved. She emphasised the importance of multi-stakeholder dialogue in order to shape the development of AI and introduced the ‘Partnership on Artificial Intelligence to Benefit People and Society,’ a major initiative formed in September 2016 originally by the private sector that now has over 50 partner organisations.
Karen McCabe, Senior Director of Technology Policy and International Affairs at the IEEE Standards Association presented the IEEE’s “Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems”. She explained that the IEEE had started discussing ethical design in 2015 and now had close to 300 experts worldwide engaged in this initiative which was composed of 13 working groups. She encouraged participants to have a look at the recently launched ethically aligned design principles version 2 that contains a set of recommendations, primarily for technologists and developers. She said that the IEEE standardization ecosystem is evolving to account for social issues such as transparency of autonomous system, data privacy process and well-being metrics and that IEEE is working on standards to integrate ethics, trust and privacy by design into technical standards.
Mark Rickli, Global Risk and Resilience Cluster Leader, Geneva Center for Security Policy (GCSP) presented a global civic debate initiative on AI entitled the “AI Initiative for Society” that was established by the Future Society of Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government. This initiative has created an online platform that lets individuals contribute their thoughts on issues related to AI and extracts issues for further discussion online. The Initiative has identified six major issues of AI: i) reinventing the man/machine relationship; ii) security and safety; iii) governance of AI, iv) adapting the workforce for the age of AI; v) driving AI for public good; vi) imageries of AI. He explained that the Initiative would hold discussions of increasing depth, the result of which would be distilled into policy recommendations.
An active discussion among the participants focussed on the following topics:
AI as a computational intelligence tool that leverages past learnings: Workshop participants explained that AI works by searching for patterns in large data sets and then by using these patterns to make predictions or recommendations; i.e. that it is a computational intelligence tool to make predictions or provide insights based on past learnings. They said that AI was akin to machines that could ‘do the right thing at the right time in a dynamic environment’ but that AI systems are constructed using architectures that limit AI to the knowledge and potential actions that make sense for a given application.
Income inequality and work: Participants discussed AI’s potential impact on inequality and on the future of work. They said that AI is poised to change the future of work, in terms of both the nature of work and the required skills. Some participants felt that, without policy action, AI is likely to worsen inequality of income and wealth distribution, which they said may call for strengthening and broadening social protection nets and perhaps considering policy options such as basic income. Another priority highlighted in the workshop was to help people develop AI skills, including digital skills and lifelong skills, and to ensure broad access to AI technology.
The man/machine relationship and human self-determination: Workshop participants discussed the importance of AI supporting humans and of people maintaining self-determination a
...
Proposer's Name: Mr. MINGLEI SHE
Proposer's Organization: China Association for Science and Technology
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Xu ZHAO
Co-Proposer's Organization: China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT)
Co-Organizers:
Prof.Mr Xiaofeng TAO,Civil Society,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT)
Ms. Xu ZHAO,Civil Society,China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (CAICT)
Session Format: Panel - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: China
Stakeholder Group: Technical Community
Speaker: Xiaofeng Tao
Speaker: Cai Chen
Speaker: Otieno Omondi
Speaker: Abdelkarim Benabdallah
Speaker: Mikhail Komarov
Content of the Session:
The smart city is the future of urbanization; A city whose foundation is information technology especially integrating IoT is known as smart city. The innovative technologies (IoT, big data, cloud computing, AI etc.) developed over the last five years start to draw a picture of what smart cities will look like within the next decade. Smart City is about smart technology, but it is also about smart governance, smart people and smart economy. This session will bring a full view of how to improve quality of life, foster economic growth, and deliver on eco- sustainability initiatives utilizing IoT for smart cities. It will present smart city framework, development tools and policies in different filed, such as smart transportation, smart Energy and water management, smart environment, smart health care etc. Besides, considerations for regulation & management for smart cities will be displayed through some best practices, and those practices in different perspectives from different nations, department and stakeholders and the challenges of future smart cities would be addressed and discussed.
Relevance of the Session:
The purpose of this workshop is to highlight how the IoT is playing a key role in supporting local and global communities to achieve smart management and operation, and provide a series of policy options to utilize the Internet of things to realize the goal of sustainable development (SDGs). The session will be directly related to the theme of IGF2017: “Shape Your Digital Future”, which promotes a strong emphasis on creating technical solutions smart management and sustainable form of governance. Smart city gives us a better glimpse of embracing new technologies and innovations for shaping a digital future, also raises a point about what regulations and governance methods suit for the newly created. Smart cities use IoT devices to collect and analyze data, connect everything in city. The cities then use this data to improve infrastructure, public utilities, services, and more. The power of IoT connectivity allowing city governments, businesses, and citizens to interact in new ways that make cities more efficient, safer, cleaner, and more livable.
This discussion will bring together participants from both the established IG technical and academic and those in working in the evolving IoT space to consider the interaction of the existing structures of Internet governance and technical and administrative, which adapt to the requirements of the IoT, including openness, transparency, security and continuity of Internet service and multistakeholder cooperation for smart city.
Tag 1: Internet of Things
Tag 2: Internet & ICTs for the Sustainable Development Goals
Tag 3: Multistakeholder Cooperation
Interventions:
Professor Xiaofeng TAO will make an opening speech introducing the agenda of the workshop. After that he will give a presentation on the overview of the IoT development worldwide, technologies currently available or being released into the market, strategic IoT solutions for smarter cities, and how to create successful international collaboration among multi-stakeholders.
Doctor Cai CHEN will talk about 'Policy and Regulation' on innovative forms of smart city, especially focus on rapid deployment of new IoT devices and applications in smart cities. Examples of Chinese best practice in building green and sustainable infrastructure and the services in the future of smart cities will also be discussed.
Karim Benabdallah will talk about the application of information and communication technologies in smart city projects. How can the IoTs-based technologies improve and reshape our future city in an environment-friendly manner.
Daniel Omondi is going to give his apprehension of the smart city in nature and present on how private sectors can actively participate in the smart city initiatives. How developing countries can learn from the experiences from the developed countries in the process of urbanization.
Dr. Mikhail Komarov will discuss IoT and behavior change with the use of IoT and energy-saving solutions. how default settings in smart devices change our behavior
Diversity:
Proposers, Co-organizers and Speakers have been chosen to ensure Geographic, gender, and stakeholder group diversity. Each speaker will bring a unique perspective and experience to the ways in which IoT can realize a better digital future and green and sustainable life. For gender diversity, there are 1 female co-organizer, Ms. Xu ZHAO, who has proposed the session jointly and coordinated the content with the experts. 2 female speaker, Ms. AiHua Wang and Ms.Helani Galpaya, who are senior experts in the research and planning division of IoT and smart city. For geographic diversity, there are 2 from Africa, 3 from Asia Pacific, 1 from Europe; the moderator is from Asia Pacific as well. For stakeholder diversity, there are 2 from technical community,4 from civil society, 1 from ICANN GAC(government). Here, Ms. Aihua Wang comes from technical community, but she is involved in the IoT and smart city research and planning for enterprises and private sectors for many years.
Onsite Moderator: Prof.Mr Xiaofeng TAO
Online Moderator: Prof.Mr Xiang Zhou
Rapporteur: Mr Minglei SHE
Online Participation:
Online participation will be led by a facilitated dialogue. Online attendee will get involved in the workshop during the whole session and have separate queue and microphone which rotate equally with the mics in the room and is entitled to raise questions after each presentation of the speaker and engage during the panel discussion.
Discussion facilitation:
The moderator will open the session by welcoming all the participants, introducing the topic about to be discussed and the speakers onsite and online. (10 minutes)
Speakers make their presentation respectively.After each presentation, the moderator probably make comments and engage the audiences and online participants in a quick Q&A session.(40 minutes)
Then the moderator will engage the panelists in a lively conversation to get their perspectives on topic related questions.(20 minutes).
The moderator will elicit what panelists find most insightful from the discussion and build on them by asking questions to create active flow of conversation with both panelists and experts in the audience.（10 minutes）
The last ten minutes, the moderator will warp up the discussion by summarizing the consensus of the facilitated dialogue and pointing out the challenges we are confronting.(10 minutes)
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://www.intgovforum.org/multilingual/index.php?q=filedepot_download/4098/230
1.Helani Galpaya,
Helani Galpaya is CEO of LIRNEasia, a pro-poor, pro-market think tank working across the emerging Asia Pacific on ICT policy and regulatory issues. She assumed the CEO role in Jan 2013. Prior to that, she was LIRNEasia’s Chief Operating Officer.
She researches, does consulting work and engages in public discourse on issues related to net neutrality, policy and regulatory barriers in Internet access, e-Government, broadband quality of service, and how knowledge and information disseminated via ICTs can improve inclusiveness SMMEs (small, medium and micro enterprises) in agriculture and micro-work markets. She is currently conducting research on digital labor in Sri Lanka, India and Indonesia, looking at online platforms that enable freelancing and micro-work. She is also carrying out nationally representative surveys of Internet use by households and individuals in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar and Nepal. In Myanmar, she’s continuing ongoing with a new initiative to examine how experiences and perceptions of harassment, surveillance and privacy impact how people of Myanmar experience the Internet.
Prior to LIRNEasia, she worked on at the ICT Agency of Sri Lanka implementing e-Government projects under the World Bank’s e-Sri Lanka initiative. She was a management consultant at Booz&Co.(now Strategy&) in New York and has also worked at Citibank and Merrill Lynch in the USA. She has an MS in Technology & Policy from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA and a BA in Computer Science from Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts, USA.
SpecialtyICTs, Digital Trade, and Development
2.Aihua Wang
Ms. Aihua WANG, the Chief Engineer of Planning & De
...Proposer's Name: Mr. Diogo Cortiz da Silva
Proposer's Organization: Ceweb.br
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Caroline Burle
Co-Proposer's Organization: NIC.br
Co-Organizers:
Mr., Hartmut, GLASER, Civil Society, CGI.BR (The Brazilian Internet Steering Committee)
Mr., Vagner, DINIZ, Technical Community, W3C Brazil and Ceweb.br
Mr., Daniel, GATTI, Civil Society, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo
Session Format: Round Table - 60 Min
Proposer:
Country: Brazil
Stakeholder Group: Technical Community
Co-Proposer:
Country: Brazil
Stakeholder Group: Technical Community
Speaker: Diogo Cortiz
Speaker: Lorrayne Porciuncula
Speaker: Ana Cristina Azevedo
Speaker: Charith Fernando
Speaker: Dominique Hazaël-Massieux
Onsite Moderator: Mr. Vagner Diniz, Technical Community, Ceweb.br
Online Moderator: Ms. Nathalia Sautchuk, Technical Community, W3c.br and Ceweb.br
Rapporteur: Ms. Jamila Venturini, Technical Community, NIC.br
Content of the Session:
This Workshop aims to identify the opportunities and challenges of virtual reality for the network society, since it will change the way we publish and consume data, socialize and learn, and do science and business. Virtual reality is not a buzzword, it is a research area that has been around since the 60's. Since then, digital technologies have gone through development processes and improvements that have brought us to the current level where we are able to build effective applications of virtual reality. Nowadays, we have the required technologies and processing chips that open new opportunities to develop new environments and platforms to deal with data and social relationships in an unprecedented way. There is a major movement of main technology companies, universities and technical communities to leverage virtual reality a step forward and make it the next computing platform. Web has been essentially the same since its invention, but now virtual reality has the potential to change it due to its implicit characteristics, such as immersion and fluid interaction, which provides a new way of interacting and visualizing data, eliminating the constraints we always have when using a flat screen or a web browser. Despite all the features and promises, virtual reality brings opportunities, but also implementation challenges, such as:
How will it change human perception and the way we work with data and information?
How will it change social relationships?
How will it improve education and science?
How will we make these solutions economically viable?
How will it impact Internet Infrastructure?
How will we ensure security and privacy?
Those emerging questions will give us theoretical and practical background to rethink aspects of Internet governance, security, data protection and even new business models in order to be prepared for this immediate future.
During the session, the speakers will explore the concepts of Virtual Reality (VR) and how it has been improved and developed over time and also show some use cases about the large spectrum of possibilities for the VR user, such as data visualization, social networking, education, healthcare, and entertainment. The impact of VR for online learning will receive special attention in this workshop. They will also discuss the Virtual Reality roadmap development for the next years and how it will bring a significant change to the Web as we know it. Finally, there will be a discussion about new topics that need to be addressed regarding Internet Governance, such as the increase of data traffic over the Internet caused by Virtual Reality, as well as privacy and security issues since those aspects become more sensitive as we are not dealing only with data anymore, but with human perception and experience. A discussion with the audience will be held at the end of the session.
Relevance of the Session:
The search for technologies that bring immersion is not a simple hype, but an old passion: the first projects of VR started in the 60's, when Ivan Sutherland - the father of computer graphics - created the Ultimate Display, a prototype of glasses that projected digital objects to the user's eyes. However, only now the technologies of computer graphics are reached the maturity - thanks to the Advancement of Graphic Processing Unit (GPUs) - to build quality RV projects. Leading technology companies have already identified this trend and are focused on developing their products and services in this area: Facebook has bought Oculus, owner of the Rift; Google has the project Cardboard and Daydream, in addition to Tango for augmented reality; Microsoft bet your chips on Hololens. And the universities and technical communities are strengthening their works and researches in this area. This movement drives even more the development of technologies for virtual reality. To get a sense of the market, a report by Goldman Sachs points out that virtual reality investments have already reached $ 3.5 billion by 2016. Scientists, engineers, designers and programmers are being allocated in large numbers to work specifically in this area. The generation of knowledge and the process of innovation on the subject is only growing.
Virtual reality is becoming a strategic branch in technology companies. It was regarded as almost a synonym of games until a few years ago, and is beginning to gain applications in the most varied spheres. There are several projects in the area of education, health, safety and, of course, entertainment. The possibilities of interaction that this technology brings us are so promising that experts already call it the next computing platform.
The computer allowed us to work with volumes of data that were unthinkable by man. The internet has reconfigured our perceptions of distances on the globe. Cell phones have turned us into digital nomads. Virtual reality, in turn, has the potential to expand our mental capacities and bring ruptures to what we understand as presence.
Unlike other digital technologies, virtual reality manages to effectively engage our senses, which creates an unprecedented scenario for humanity. Until then, we have interacted with technology through controls and screens, knowing how to identify the limits of technology - at least in its physical aspect. When browsing the Web, you just have to look to the side, beyond the computer screen, to understand the boundary between technology and the physical world. Virtual reality comes to change that perspective.
The promise of every researcher in this area has always been to provide an immersive experience for the user. This approach allows you, even if you are physically in one place, to have the sensation and experience of being in another environment simulated by the computer - what we call a sense of presence. This is possible because the technology used involves our senses - mainly vision and hearing - through sensory stimuli that reflect this virtual world - you see and hear everything that happens in it, not caring about what is around you in the physical world. You can physically be in your living room while you enjoy a walk through the streets of Mumbai wearing virtual reality glasses.
The interactions also become more fluid - freedom of movement and immediate response in this environment are important issues for an immersive experience. In our example, turning your head to the right side, you will not fail to look at the screen of a monitor or a television as it normally does. Being in virtual reality glasses will make the world in which you are connected respond to this movement.
These characteristics of virtual reality open new possibilities for interaction with technology. We are near the end paradigm of windows that accompanies us from the beginning of computing. Nevertheless, we continue to investigate closely the rupture that virtual reality, as well as augmented reality, will bring to humanity. We, humans, live physical reality as a three-dimensional space. By using technology with that same approach, we will have a better experience and increase productivity.
A recent study by the Accenture consulting firm in the area of neuroscience gives us evidence that we are better at working with three-dimensional instructions than with two-dimensional ones. In this project, the researchers transformed the instruction manual of a Lego, that simple paper that accompanies the toy box, into a three-dimensional manual for use with augmented reality glasses. The mere fact that a person could move and spin each of the pieces that were in the instructions, instead of looking at a two-dimensional drawing on a paper, greatly increased their productivity.
Social interaction is reconfigured with the arrival of virtual reality, mainly because of the sense of presence that this technology allows us to reach. The Web had already been in charge of connecting people geographically separated, through data, messages and videos. Virtual reality comes to connect them through your senses. It's no wonder that Facebook, the largest social networking platform in the world, bets so much on this approach. So with Google, Microsoft, and the other giants of technology.
The Web as a whole should be impacted in the coming years. And that impact must
UNESCO Open Forum: Exploring implications of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence for building inclusive Knowledge Societies and achieving SDGs (0F66)
IGF Day 4: Thursday 21st December 2017, 9:00-10:00 am; Room XXI-E
UNESCO organizes this Open Forum to trigger debates and reflections on the human rights and other implications of big data and Artificial Intelligence on building inclusive knowledge societies and achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
Big data and Open data are evolving and contested concepts, as is the significance of the phenomena they point to. Debates exist over issues such as ownership, accountability and transparency, as well as human rights, evolving techniques, novel applications, reuse and interoperability of data.
Meanwhile, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly progressing. Intelligent machines are gaining the ability to communicate without human mediation via the Internet of things, learn, improve and make calculated decisions in ways that will enable them to perform tasks previously thought to rely solely on human skill and learning, raising issues for the future of learning, experience, creativity, and ingenuity.
All these technological developments may profoundly shape humanity’s access to information and knowledge, impact the mode of communication as well as the practice of journalism, as well as bring multiple ethical and human rights implications particularly rights to freedom of expression, privacy, and association. The implications for open education resources, digital persistence, democracy, peace and the sustainable development goals could be significant.
UNESCO perceives a crucial need to explore these issues and reflect whether it is possible to harness big data and AI technologies as a process to advance human rights, build inclusive knowledge societies and achieve 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
The forum will engage with how these emerging issues impact on the Organisation’s concept of Internet Universality, which promotes online Rights, Openness, Accessibility and Multi-stakeholder participation, and the current project to develop appropriate indicators to assess Internet development as well as global initiatives of promoting media and information literacy.
Moderator: Ms. Xianhong Hu, UNESCO
Welcome Remarks (5’): Mr. Indrajit Banerjee, UNESCO Director Knowledge Societies Division
Speakers:
5’ Ms. Mila Romanoff, UN Global Pulse
5’ Ms. Sophie Kwasny, the Council of Europe
5’ Ms. Nanjira Sambuli, Web Foundation
5’ Ms. Judith Herzog, Conseil national du numérique
5’ Mr. Tijani Ben Jemaa, ICANN/ FMAI
5’ Mr. Frits Bussemaker, Chair of the Institute for Accountability and Internet Democracy
Discussion: 25’
Rapporteur: Ms. Xianhong Hu, UNESCO
Remote moderator: Mr Guilherme Canela, UNESCO
Notes and photos: Mr. Zhaocan Li, UNESCO
Proposers' Names: Dr. Stefania Milan & Dr. Arne Hintz
Proposer's Organization: DATACTIVE, University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands) & Data Justice Lab, Cardiff University (United Kingdom)
Session Format: Round Table - 90 Min
Speaker: Eva Blum-Dumontet (Privacy International)
Speaker: Malavika Jayaram (Asian Digital Hub, Hong Kong)
Speaker: Sunil Abraham (Center for Internet and Society, India)
Speaker: Joana Varon (Coding Rights, Brazil)
Speaker: Sebastián Becker (Datos Protegidos, Chile)
Speaker: Lisa Vermeer (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Netherlands)
Speaker: Madeline Carr (University College London, UK)
Content of the Session:
This roundtable will address the current theme of big data analytics and the consequences of datafication on social life, and it will advance our understanding of the implications of these for internet governance. It will survey trends and developments from around the globe, including changes to surveillance policy (such as the UK Investigatory Powers Bill) and citizen registration (such as the Indian Aadhaar system and the planned Chinese social credit scores). While these issues have, so far, been discussed either by scholars in the emerging field of critical data studies or by the business sector in debates over the Internet of Things and smart devices, this session will bring together different stakeholders for a joint discussion on the consequences of datafication for our digital present and future. It will connect the challenges of datafication to the internet governance agenda, and identify shared concerns and policy needs.
The session has four main GOALS:
1. Explore key trends and developments in the area of datafication, and the consequences of ‘big data’ collection and analysis for social justice and human rights
2. Identify the implications of these developments for the broader Internet Governance agenda and for the role of IGF in particular
3. Formulate, through the promotion of a multistakeholder dialogue on the subject matter, recommendations for a management of data which respects human rights and promote social justice
4. Explore the possibility for the emergence of a transnational mobilization connecting issues of datafication (e.g., surveillance, monitoring, sharing, ethics…) with the social justice and human rights agenda.
The expected OUTCOMES include the following:
i. A better, more nuanced understanding of current trend of datafication and its implications for Internet Governance
ii. A transnational, multistakeholder dialogue on the implications of datafication, exploring the possibility for the creation of a Dynamic Coalition or similar discussion space within the IGF process
iii. A multistakeholder commitment to contribute to draft policy recommendations for a management of data which respects human rights and promotes social justice.
The intended AGENDA for the session revolves around two rounds of short (5-8') provocative statements by invited speakers. After a brief introduction to the session by the proposers/organisers, illustrating the main challenges of big data analytics and datafication and their implications for social justice as well as the rational for the session, the speakers will present on the following topics:
- Eva Blum-Dumontet (Privacy International): Overview of the consequences of datafication from the perspective of civil society
- Malavika Jayaram (Digital Asia Hub): The Chinese citizen score system and other developments of datafication in East Asia
- Sunil Abraham (CIS): The Indian Aadhaar system and citizen identification globally
- Joana Varon (Coding Rights): Data-based citizen monitoring in Latin America
- Sebastián Becker (Datos Protegidos): Data protection in the Global South
- Lisa Vermeer (Ministry of ``foreign Affairs, The Netherlands): The need for public policy
- Madeline Carr (University College London): Datafication and the IG agenda
The floor will then be open for discussion, on issues including but not limited to 1. identify key challenges and opportunities; 2. propose policy recommendations; 3. explore the feasibility of a dedicated Dynamic Coalition (or similar space for multistakeholder dialogue).
Relevance of the Session:
The mass collection and processing of data--and its many social, political and economic consequences--is a key debate of our time, central to the way our digital present and future are shaped. The analysis of ‘big data’, and its collection through social media, ‘smart devices’, and the Internet of Things have opened new avenues for economic wealth creation, law enforcement and public administration. The use of this data in governance, however, and the possible consequences for citizen rights and social justice are just starting to be explored. Data about users, consumers and citizens may increase governance efficiency, but putting human activity and behavior into data points may lead to challenges for civic rights and may transform state-corporate-citizen relations.
Data from a variety of both online and offline activities is increasingly used to categorize citizens, allocate services, and predict future behavior. This includes, for example, financial credit scores, education and health scores, data scores used in the criminal justice system, and ‘risk’ scores of refugees and families. The Aadhaar identification system in India and the social credit score currently developed in China represent particularly comprehensive attempts at data-based governance. Beyond initial research and occasional news reports, little is known about the uses of such data in governance and, particularly, what opportunities and challenges it might have for Internet Governance. Moreover, occasions for multistakeholder discussion on these issues are at best rare, so far. This session will therefore explore the facts of this emerging debate and explore common grounds between stakeholders.
Tag 1: Big Data
Tag 2: Surveillance
Tag 3: Social Justice
Diversity:
The organizers strive to have a balanced composition of the speakers both by gender (half/half) and geography (covering Asia, the Americas, and Europe). Participants are expected to embody different policy perspectives.
Onsite Moderator: Stefania Milan
Online Moderator: Arne Hintz
Rapporteur: Vidushi Marda
Online Participation:
Online attendees will have a separate queue and microphone. The online moderator will keep his eyes on the screen, frequently asking questions to the online participants in view of stimulating their participation. After every question from the room, the word will go automatically to online participants, striving to ensure equal opportunities. The online moderator will communicate regularly with the onsite moderator--both have experience in this type of interaction to support online participation.
Discussion facilitation:
See above. Interventions from invited speakers will be kept to the bare mimimum, and designed to stimulate reactions from the audience. The speakers will be divided in two groups, and discussion will happen both mid-way and at the end of the presentations. Both the moderators are experiences in this type of format, and able to enforce strict time limits.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: Yes
Link to Report: http://igf2015.intgovforum.org/event/12f25d85c2c8b3473ea31697922fe53a
Proposer's Name: Ms. Vidushi Marda
Proposer's Organization: The Centre for Internet and Society
Co-Proposer's Name: Ms. Stefania Milan
Co-Proposer's Organization: DATACTIVE, University of Amsterdam
Co-Organizers:
Ms. Vidushi Marda, Civil Society, The Centre for Internet and Society
Ms. Stefania Milan, Civil Society, DATACTIVE
Session Format: Panel - 90 Min
Proposer:
Country: India
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Co-Proposer:
Country: India
Stakeholder Group: Civil Society
Content of the Session:
This session will take the perspective of the Global South to discuss the content regulation increasingly carried out on and by platforms in response to “fake news”. It will discuss what the “platformization” of the internet, or the increasingly predominant role of social media platforms, means for internet governance frameworks and processes. As much of the internet governance narrative is focussed around Western considerations, the multistakeholder IG community needs urgently to pay attention to the consequences of these moves for the Global South, where often freedom of expression is not adequately protected and supported.
The panel will thus address two key questions: first, whether this platformization of the web is accompanied by adequate safeguards in context of online content regulation in the Global South. Second, how current internet governance frameworks and processes find relevance in the age of platformization of the internet. The panel builds on a well-attended session by the same organizers at RightsCon (Brussels, 2017), entitled ‘Resisting Content Regulation in the Post-
Truth World: How to Fix Fake News and the Algorithmic Curation of Social Media”--where the debate on these issues started.
Goals:
Explore key trends and developments in the area of content regulation on and by platforms with a specific forum on the Global South
analyze the shift in regulation from governments and governance processes to social media platforms, and understand whether these developments are accompanied by adequate safeguards
Identify, through a multistakeholder dialogue, the implications for the internet governance agenda in relation to similar trends towards content regulation within ICANN, and formulate recommendations on the role of the IGF in this debate
Outcomes:
Understanding of trends in content regulation on and by internet platforms with a focus on the Global South
A transnational, multistakeholder dialogue on the relevance of traditional internet governance processes amidst the shift towards the platformization of the internet
Recommendations on possible ways to approach content regulation and platformization of the internet in the Global South, with a focus on advocacy, awareness raising and capacity building
Relevance of the Session:
The Economist (2016) has recently argued that we now live in a “post-truth” world, where public opinion is shaped not by objective facts, but rather by appeals to emotion or personal beliefs. Corporate social media are believed to play a key role in this process, which, it is argued, is detrimental to democracy. Platforms like Facebook have faced extensive criticism for the circulation of “fake news” on its wires, and proposed solutions to this problem include drastic measures like curation and fact checking, which arguably go in the direction of content policing.
These solutions are all, unfortunately, inherently problematic: they advocate for broad and overarching restrictions to the freedom of speech and expression, sometimes in the absence of clear evidence. Yet we know from the history of the internet that touching the plumbing of the internet is hardly a good idea. But are Facebook and its likes merely neutral “pipes” or are they media companies subjected to the existing regulation of the press?
This panel speaks directly to this year’s theme, “Shape your Digital Future” as it aims at facilitating a forward looking, engaging discussion on what the future of freedom of expression and content regulation on the internet should look like from a global south perspective. It will also ask: what does this current fascination for automatized or algorithmic content regulation means for human rights and freedom of expression? What implications does it have for internet governance (IG), where the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) has recently been also accused of an “ambivalent drift into online content regulation” through voluntary agreements and private contracting.
Tag 1: Fakenews
Tag 2: Content
Tag 3: Internet Governance
Interventions:
Outline:
Introduction by proposers/organisers, brief background to content regulation, platformization, fake news
Zeenab Aneez (Independent Researcher) - platformisation of digital news,
algorithm as editor, and media diversity
Niels ten Oever (Article19) - Freedom of expression considerations in regulation of content and human rights implications more widely
Malavika Jayaram (Digital Asia Hub) - Conceptions of fake news and unique considerations from the Global South
OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (TBC) - The consequences of excessive state regulation
James Losey (Stockholm University) - The political economy of fake news, between the North and the South
Facebook or other industry representative (TBC) - Challenges faced by platforms, approaches taken and ongoing concerns
Each speaker will give a brief (5-minute) presentation, followed by a discussion of all participants in the room, with the goal of identifying common agendas. The speakers will be called on regularly to give further interventions.
Diversity:
The group of presenters will be
Multi-stakeholder, bringing together members of civil society, business and government
Focussed on perspectives from the Global South
Balanced in its gender and geographical distribution
Onsite Moderator: Vidushi Marda
Online Moderator: Stefania Milan
Rapporteur: Amber Sinha
Online Participation:
We will ensure online participation, both in concept, and in practice. For example: online attendees will have a separate queue and microphone, which will rotate equally with the mics in the room; the workshop moderator will have the online participation session open, and will be in close communication with the workshop’s trained online moderator, to make any adaptations necessary as they arise, etc
Discussion facilitation:
Each speaker will be given 5 minutes to make opening remarks, after which the floor will be opened to the audience (both insitu and online) so as to facilitate a lively, engaging conversation. The Panel format will facilitate this well as it will represent diverse views from various stakeholders in an orderly fashion, paving the way for a meaningful debate at the time of participation from the audience and online participants.
Conducted a Workshop in IGF before?: No
Link to Report:
Co-proposers/co-organizers
Session title
Learning from the NRIs: exchanging experiences and insights on data retention, government access to data, and data literacy.
Session format and timing
This 90-minute session will comprise two main segments. The first segment comprises a 60-minute roundtable that will delve into the following topics related to data protection as explained in detail below (see item 13): (i) government access to data, (ii) data retention and (iii) data literacy. The second segment comprises a 25-minute open-mic session with the participants and a final 5-minute closing remarks by the moderators.
Content of the session
This session will focus on exchanging experiences and best practices from all around the world regarding particular data protection-related topics. It is structured around the following topics: (i) government access to data, (ii) data retention and (iii) data literacy. The first topic will deal with government access to data and the interactions between private and state entities in the rise of several “smart-cities” initiatives. The role of contracts and consent and the limits and conditions for the collection of data are some of the issues that may be discussed in this topic. The second topic will focus on data retention and data localization mechanisms, their limits, best practices and the challenges they might bring to an open Internet. Finally, a segment of the session will be dedicated to the discussion of the current practices on data literacy and different initiatives and approaches related to create capacities on this topic. Although each of these topics could be explored by its own, the idea of putting together in this session is to create an environment for the beginning of focused discussions between NRIs on issues related to data. It is structured to be a moment for sharing experiences and insights, brainstorming ideas and solutions and identifying potential partners for future initiatives.
Speakers
Round “Government access to data”
NRI #1: Lía Hernandez (Panamá IGF)
NRI #2: Maryant Fernandez Perez (EDRI - EuroDIG)
Round “Data retention and data localization”
NRI #1: IGF China (Dr. Shen Yi)
NRI #2: Jacqueline Eggenschwiler (Expert)
NRI #3: Brazilian IGF (Bruno Bioni)
Round “Data Literacy”
NRI #1: Verónica Aroyo (Youth LAC IGF)
NRI #2: Federica Tortorella (IGF Dominican Republic)
Relevance of the issue
The session is organized by three Latin American IGFs which are particularly concerned with the several impacts the massive collection and processing of data can have on their democracies and citizens’ human rights. Particularly, two of the IGFs that are organizing the session -- Brazil and Panama -- are in this moment discussing the adoption of general data protection laws and had strong local discussions regarding the several aspects of this type of regulation. Also, the organizers of Youth LACIGF noticed that there is a lack of awareness on youth people in the region about the consequences of current data treatment. Besides that, several Latin-American countries are also debating reforms of their own legislations and facing several challenges regarding it.
Interventions/Engagement with participants (onsite and online)
Interventions/Engagement with participants is thoroughly described in items “12” and “13” below.
Geographical, Stakeholder and Gender Diversity
The list of participants comprises people from all stakeholder groups and individuals who have convergent and divergent economic, political and social perspectives on the policy question proposed. It also follows a 50/50 gender balance at the time of this submission. They all come from different countries and most of them come from the developing World, some of them being newcomers to the IGF space.
Onsite moderator(s)
Moderator for the first round: Jamila Venturini (Brazilian IGF)
Online moderator(s)
Diego R. Canabarro (Brazilian IGF)
Rapporteur(s)
Bruna Santos (Youth LAC IGF)
Online participation logistics
Online participation and interaction will rely on the WebEx platform. Those joining the session using WebEx (either invited members of the round-table or the general audience) will be granted the floor in the Q&A segment of the workshop. People in charge of the moderation will strive to entertain onsite and remote participation indiscriminately. Social media (twitter and facebook) will also be employed by the online moderators who will be in charge of browsing social media using some hashtags (#IGF2017, #NRISession and #NRIDataSession ).
Discussion facilitation
The session will focus on three topics related to data protection that are particularly relevant for the organizers: (i) government access to data, (ii) data retention and (iii) the right to be forgotten. It will be structured so that the each round have the respective moderator presenting quick interventions about the perspectives of their regions/countries followed by the inputs of selected NRIs dealing with similar problems in their own regions/countries:
Round #1: Government access to data (20’): the round moderator will introduce the question “How does your region/country deals with government access to data and what are the challenges or best practices you observe in this issue?” and will invite until three representatives from other NRIs to comment on her first intervention and bring experiences and best practices from their own regions/countries (5 minutes each).
Round #2: Data retention and data localization (20’): the round moderator will introduce the question “Are there any initiatives for data retention/localization in your country/region? How are they implemented?” and will invite until three representatives from other NRIs to comment on her first intervention and bring experiences and best practices from their own regions/countries (5 minutes each).
Round #3: the round moderator will introduce the question “What are the current practices on Data Literacy? What are the initiatives that are working on capacity building in this topic? What are their approaches?” and will invite until three representatives from other NRIs to comment on her first intervention (5 minutes each).
The mic will be opened for 25 minutes for the public to have an opportunity to engage and bring their own inputs on the topics and will be followed by closing remarks (5 minutes) from the moderators, who will summarize discussions.
